महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-49, verse-3

तेषामनीकानि बहूनि गाढं व्यूढानि दृष्ट्वा बहुलध्वजानि ।
मत्स्यस्य पुत्रं द्विषतां निहन्ता वैराटिमामन्त्र्य ततोऽभ्युवाच ॥३॥

3. teṣāmanīkāni bahūni gāḍhaṁ; vyūḍhāni dṛṣṭvā bahuladhvajāni ,
matsyasya putraṁ dviṣatāṁ nihantā; vairāṭimāmantrya tato'bhyuvāca.

3. teṣām anīkāni bahūni gāḍham
vyūḍhāni dṛṣṭvā bahuladhvajāni
matsyasya putram dviṣatām nihantā
vairāṭim āmantrya tataḥ abhyuvāca

3. Having seen their many armies, densely arrayed and bearing numerous banners, Arjuna, the slayer of enemies, then addressed Uttarā's brother (the son of Virāṭa and Matsya), and spoke.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - Referring to the Kuru warriors' armies. (their, of them)

• अनीकानि (anīkāni) - armies, divisions, hosts

• बहूनि (bahūni) - many, numerous

• गाढम् (gāḍham) - Densely arrayed. (strongly, firmly, densely, tightly)

• व्यूढानि (vyūḍhāni) - arrayed, arranged (in battle formation)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• बहुलध्वजानि (bahuladhvajāni) - having many banners, with numerous standards

• मत्स्यस्य (matsyasya) - Of King Virāṭa, who ruled the Matsya kingdom. (of Matsya)

• पुत्रम् (putram) - Refers to Uttar, the son of King Virāṭa. (son)

• द्विषताम् (dviṣatām) - of the enemies

• निहन्ता (nihantā) - Referring to Arjuna. (slayer, killer, destroyer)

• वैराटिम् (vairāṭim) - Refers to Uttar, the prince of Virāṭa. (the son of Virāṭa)

• आमन्त्र्य (āmantrya) - having addressed, having summoned

• ततः (tataḥ) - Then, after that. (then, thereupon, from there)

• अभ्युवाच (abhyuvāca) - spoke to, addressed

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - Referring to the Kuru warriors' armies. (their, of them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with `anīkāni` implicitly.

अनीकानि (anīkāni) - armies, divisions, hosts

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of anīka

anīka - army, host, division of an army, face

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

बहूनि (bahūni) - many, numerous

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous

Note: Agrees with 'anīkāni'.

गाढम् (gāḍham) - Densely arrayed. (strongly, firmly, densely, tightly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'vyūḍhāni'.

व्यूढानि (vyūḍhāni) - arrayed, arranged (in battle formation)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of vyūḍha

vyūḍha - arranged, arrayed, extended

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of verb root ūh (class 1) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: ūh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'anīkāni'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form from verb root dṛś (class 1).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

बहुलध्वजानि (bahuladhvajāni) - having many banners, with numerous standards

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of bahuladhvaja

bahuladhvaja - having many banners

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahula+dhvaja)

• bahula – much, numerous, abundant
  adjective (masculine)
• dhvaja – banner, standard, flag
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'anīkāni'.

मत्स्यस्य (matsyasya) - Of King Virāṭa, who ruled the Matsya kingdom. (of Matsya)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of matsya

matsya - fish; name of a people/kingdom

Note: Governs 'putram'.

पुत्रम् (putram) - Refers to Uttar, the son of King Virāṭa. (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Object of 'āmantrya'.

द्विषताम् (dviṣatām) - of the enemies

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dviṣat

dviṣat - hating, hostile; enemy

Present Active Participle

Present participle of root dviṣ (class 2), used as a noun.

Root: dviṣ (class 2)

Note: Governs 'nihantā'.

निहन्ता (nihantā) - Referring to Arjuna. (slayer, killer, destroyer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihantṛ

nihantṛ - slayer, destroyer

Agent noun

Agent noun from verb root han (class 2) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'abhyuvāca'.

वैराटिम् (vairāṭim) - Refers to Uttar, the prince of Virāṭa. (the son of Virāṭa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vairāṭi

vairāṭi - son of Virāṭa

Patronymic from Virāṭa.

Note: Agrees with 'putram' and is also an object of 'āmantrya'.

आमन्त्र्य (āmantrya) - having addressed, having summoned

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form from verb root mantr (class 10) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: mantr (class 10)

ततः (tataḥ) - Then, after that. (then, thereupon, from there)

(indeclinable)

अभ्युवाच (abhyuvāca) - spoke to, addressed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect (Liṭ), Parasmaipada, 3rd Person Singular

Perfect tense form of the root vac (class 2) with prefix abhi-.

Prefix: abhi

Root: vac (class 2)