महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-49, verse-13

ततः स विद्धो भरतर्षभेण बाणेन गात्रावरणातिगेन ।
गतासुराजौ निपपात भूमौ नगो नगाग्रादिव वातरुग्णः ॥१३॥

13. tataḥ sa viddho bharatarṣabheṇa; bāṇena gātrāvaraṇātigena ,
gatāsurājau nipapāta bhūmau; nago nagāgrādiva vātarugṇaḥ.

13. tataḥ saḥ viddhaḥ bharatarṣabheṇa bāṇena gātrāvaraṇātigena
gatāsuḥ ājau nipapāta bhūmau nagaḥ nagāgrāt iva vātarugṇaḥ

13. Then he, pierced by the best of Bharatas (Abhimanyu) with an arrow that penetrated his armor, his life having departed, fell to the ground in battle, just like a tree broken by the wind falls from a mountain peak.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• सः (saḥ) - Shatruṃtapa (he, that)

• विद्धः (viddhaḥ) - pierced, wounded, struck

• भरतर्षभेण (bharatarṣabheṇa) - by Abhimanyu (by the best of Bharatas)

• बाणेन (bāṇena) - by an arrow

• गात्रावरणातिगेन (gātrāvaraṇātigena) - by that which passes through body-armor, piercing the armor

• गतासुः (gatāsuḥ) - lifeless, dead, whose life has departed

• आजौ (ājau) - in battle, in the fight

• निपपात (nipapāta) - fell down, descended

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• नगः (nagaḥ) - a tree (a tree, a mountain)

• नगाग्रात् (nagāgrāt) - from a mountain peak

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• वातरुग्णः (vātarugṇaḥ) - broken by the wind

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - Shatruṃtapa (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विद्धः (viddhaḥ) - pierced, wounded, struck

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viddha

viddha - pierced, struck, wounded

Past Passive Participle

from root 'vyadh' (to pierce, strike)

Root: vyadh (class 4)

भरतर्षभेण (bharatarṣabheṇa) - by Abhimanyu (by the best of Bharatas)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull among Bharatas, chief of the Bharatas, best of Bharatas

Compound type : tatpurusha (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata (a legendary king); a name of India
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull; best, chief, excellent
  noun (masculine)

बाणेन (bāṇena) - by an arrow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

गात्रावरणातिगेन (gātrāvaraṇātigena) - by that which passes through body-armor, piercing the armor

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of gātrāvaraṇātiga

gātrāvaraṇātiga - going through the body-covering/armor

Compound type : tatpurusha (gātra+āvaraṇa+atiga)

• gātra – limb, body
  noun (neuter)
• āvaraṇa – covering, garment, armor
  noun (neuter)
• atiga – going beyond, overcoming, surpassing
  adjective (masculine)
  from root 'gam' with prefix 'ati'
  Prefix: ati
  Root: gam (class 1)

गतासुः (gatāsuḥ) - lifeless, dead, whose life has departed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gatāsu

gatāsu - whose life has gone, dead

Compound type : bahuvrihi (gata+asu)

• gata – gone, departed, arrived
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root 'gam' (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• asu – breath, life-breath, life
  noun (masculine)

आजौ (ājau) - in battle, in the fight

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āji

āji - battle, fight, conflict

निपपात (nipapāta) - fell down, descended

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pat

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil

नगः (nagaḥ) - a tree (a tree, a mountain)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naga

naga - mountain, tree (lit. 'not moving')

नगाग्रात् (nagāgrāt) - from a mountain peak

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of nagāgra

nagāgra - mountain peak, summit of a mountain

Compound type : tatpurusha (naga+agra)

• naga – mountain, tree
  noun (masculine)
• agra – tip, top, summit, front
  noun (neuter)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

वातरुग्णः (vātarugṇaḥ) - broken by the wind

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vātarugṇa

vātarugṇa - broken by wind

Compound type : tatpurusha (vāta+rugṇa)

• vāta – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
• rugṇa – broken, fractured, crushed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root 'ruj' (to break, pain)
  Root: ruj (class 7)