महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-48, verse-4

एतद्ध्वजाग्रं पार्थस्य दूरतः संप्रकाशते ।
एष घोषः सजलदो रोरवीति च वानरः ॥४॥

4. etaddhvajāgraṁ pārthasya dūrataḥ saṁprakāśate ,
eṣa ghoṣaḥ sajalado roravīti ca vānaraḥ.

4. etat dhvajaagram pārthasya dūrataḥ saṃprakāśate
eṣaḥ ghoṣaḥ sajaladaḥ roravīti ca vānaraḥ

4. From a distance, the banner-top of Partha (Arjuna) is clearly visible. And this monkey (Hanuman), whose roar is like a thunderous cloud, bellows loudly.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this (top of the banner) (this)

• ध्वजअग्रम् (dhvajaagram) - the very top of Arjuna's banner (banner-top, flag-end)

• पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - of Partha (Arjuna, son of Pṛthā/Kunti) (of Partha)

• दूरतः (dūrataḥ) - from a far-off place (indicating visibility across the battlefield) (from a distance, from afar)

• संप्रकाशते (saṁprakāśate) - is clearly visible (describing the banner) (shines forth, is clearly visible, is illuminated)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (monkey/roar) (this)

• घोषः (ghoṣaḥ) - the loud roar (of the monkey) (sound, roar, cry, noise)

• सजलदः (sajaladaḥ) - like a thunderous cloud (describing the sound's intensity) (with a cloud, cloud-like, accompanied by a cloud)

• रोरवीति (roravīti) - bellows loudly (describing the monkey's fierce sound) (roars loudly, bellows, cries vehemently)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• वानरः (vānaraḥ) - the monkey (Hanuman, emblem on Arjuna's flag) (monkey)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this (top of the banner) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Subject.

ध्वजअग्रम् (dhvajaagram) - the very top of Arjuna's banner (banner-top, flag-end)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhvajāgra

dhvajāgra - banner-top, flag-end

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhvaja+agra)

• dhvaja – banner, flag
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhvaj
• agra – top, summit, front, tip
  noun (neuter)
  Root: ag

Note: Subject of `saṃprakāśate`.

पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - of Partha (Arjuna, son of Pṛthā/Kunti) (of Partha)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kunti), Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā + aṇ suffix

Note: Possessive, 'of Partha'.

दूरतः (dūrataḥ) - from a far-off place (indicating visibility across the battlefield) (from a distance, from afar)

(indeclinable)

Formed from `dūra` (distance) + `tas` suffix

संप्रकाशते (saṁprakāśate) - is clearly visible (describing the banner) (shines forth, is clearly visible, is illuminated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of prakāś

Present middle 3rd singular

From root `kāś` (to shine) with prefixes `saṃ` and `pra`. `kāś` is also `ātmanepada`.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: The middle voice emphasizes the subject experiencing the action.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (monkey/roar) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Refers to `vānaraḥ`.

घोषः (ghoṣaḥ) - the loud roar (of the monkey) (sound, roar, cry, noise)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ghoṣa

ghoṣa - sound, noise, roar, cry

From root `ghuṣ` (to sound)

Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject, implicitly connected to `vānaraḥ`.

सजलदः (sajaladaḥ) - like a thunderous cloud (describing the sound's intensity) (with a cloud, cloud-like, accompanied by a cloud)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sajalada

sajalada - with a cloud, cloud-like

Bahuvrīhi compound, 'having a cloud (jalada)'. Prefix `sa-` (with).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+jalada)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• jalada – cloud (giver of water)
  noun (masculine)
  Compound 'jala-da' (water-giver)

Note: Qualifies `ghoṣaḥ`.

रोरवीति (roravīti) - bellows loudly (describing the monkey's fierce sound) (roars loudly, bellows, cries vehemently)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of rorav

Present active 3rd singular (Intensive)

Intensive (yaṅluk) form of root `ru` (to roar, cry)

Root: ru (class 2)

Note: The verb for `vānaraḥ`.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects the two main clauses or thoughts.

वानरः (vānaraḥ) - the monkey (Hanuman, emblem on Arjuna's flag) (monkey)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vānara

vānara - monkey

Note: Subject of `roravīti`.