महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-48, verse-14

उत्सृज्य रथवंशं तु प्रयाते श्वेतवाहने ।
अभिप्रायं विदित्वास्य द्रोणो वचनमब्रवीत् ॥१४॥

14. utsṛjya rathavaṁśaṁ tu prayāte śvetavāhane ,
abhiprāyaṁ viditvāsya droṇo vacanamabravīt.

14. utsṛjya rathavaṃśam tu prayāte śvetavāhane
abhiprāyam viditvā asya droṇaḥ vacanam abravīt

14. But when Śvetavāhana (Arjuna) had departed, abandoning the main line of chariots, Droṇa, having understood his intention, spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having given up, having released

• रथवंशम् (rathavaṁśam) - Refers to the main contingent of chariots in the Kaurava army. (line of chariots, chariot army, chariot formation)

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed, however

• प्रयाते (prayāte) - Refers to Arjuna's departure. Locative absolute construction. (when departed, having gone forth)

• श्वेतवाहने (śvetavāhane) - Arjuna, whose chariot horses are white. Part of a locative absolute construction. (Śvetavāhana (Arjuna))

• अभिप्रायम् (abhiprāyam) - Arjuna's intention to engage Duryodhana directly. (intention, purpose, meaning, design)

• विदित्वा (viditvā) - having known, having understood

• अस्य (asya) - Refers to Arjuna's intention. (his, its, of this)

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - The preceptor of the Kurus and Pandavas, a prominent warrior. (Droṇa (proper name))

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, saying

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

Words meanings and morphology

उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having given up, having released

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from prefix ut + root sṛj + suffix -ya.

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

रथवंशम् (rathavaṁśam) - Refers to the main contingent of chariots in the Kaurava army. (line of chariots, chariot army, chariot formation)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rathavaṃśa

rathavaṁśa - line of chariots, family of chariots, chariot race, chariot array

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+vaṃśa)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• vaṃśa – bamboo, lineage, family, race, series, line
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of utsṛjya.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

प्रयाते (prayāte) - Refers to Arjuna's departure. Locative absolute construction. (when departed, having gone forth)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of prayāta

prayāta - departed, gone forth, deceased, gone

Past Passive Participle

From prefix pra + root yā (to go) + kta (past passive participle) suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies śvetavāhane.

श्वेतवाहने (śvetavāhane) - Arjuna, whose chariot horses are white. Part of a locative absolute construction. (Śvetavāhana (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śvetavāhana

śvetavāhana - having white horses, white-horsed, an epithet of Arjuna

Compound of śveta (white) + vāhana (vehicle, steed).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śveta+vāhana)

• śveta – white, bright, pure
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• vāhana – vehicle, conveyance, steed, bearer
  noun (neuter)
  agent noun/instrument noun
  From root vah (to carry) + ana suffix.
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

अभिप्रायम् (abhiprāyam) - Arjuna's intention to engage Duryodhana directly. (intention, purpose, meaning, design)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhiprāya

abhiprāya - intention, purpose, meaning, object, wish, opinion

From prefixes abhi + pra + root i (to go) + a suffix.

Prefixes: abhi+pra

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Object of viditvā.

विदित्वा (viditvā) - having known, having understood

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root vid (to know) + ktvā suffix.

Root: vid (class 2)

अस्य (asya) - Refers to Arjuna's intention. (his, its, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Masculine/neuter singular genitive from the pronominal stem idam.

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - The preceptor of the Kurus and Pandavas, a prominent warrior. (Droṇa (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (a proper name, lit. a bucket or trough), preceptor, warrior.

Root: dru (class 1)

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, saying

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speaking, saying, word, speech, statement

From root vac (to speak) + ana suffix.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of abravīt.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

imperfect tense (laṅ)

Imperfect 3rd person singular, active voice, from root brū (class 2 adādi). The a prefix indicates imperfect tense.

Root: brū (class 2)