महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-45, verse-10

युधिष्ठिरो जितः कस्मिन्भीमश्च बलिनां वरः ।
इन्द्रप्रस्थं त्वया कस्मिन्संग्रामे निर्जितं पुरा ॥१०॥

10. yudhiṣṭhiro jitaḥ kasminbhīmaśca balināṁ varaḥ ,
indraprasthaṁ tvayā kasminsaṁgrāme nirjitaṁ purā.

10. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ jitaḥ kasmin bhīmaḥ ca balinām varaḥ
indraprastham tvayā kasmin saṃgrāme nirjitam purā

10. In which battle was Yudhiṣṭhira conquered, and Bhīma, the best of the strong? And in which battle was Indraprastha conquered by you previously?

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, the eldest of the Pāṇḍava princes (Yudhiṣṭhira)

• जितः (jitaḥ) - conquered, defeated

• कस्मिन् (kasmin) - in which (battle) (in which, in what)

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma, the powerful Pāṇḍava prince (Bhīma)

• च (ca) - and, also

• बलिनाम् (balinām) - of the strong, of the powerful

• वरः (varaḥ) - the best, referring to Bhīma (best, excellent, choice)

• इन्द्रप्रस्थम् (indraprastham) - the city of Indraprastha, capital of the Pāṇḍavas (Indraprastha)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you (Duryodhana) (by you)

• कस्मिन् (kasmin) - in which (battle) (in which, in what)

• संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in combat

• निर्जितम् (nirjitam) - conquered (referring to Indraprastha) (conquered, completely defeated)

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in the past

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, the eldest of the Pāṇḍava princes (Yudhiṣṭhira)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (lit. 'steady in battle'), the eldest of the Pāṇḍava brothers

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle, in war
  noun (feminine)
  locative singular of yudh (feminine)
• sthira – steady, firm, constant
  adjective (masculine)

जितः (jitaḥ) - conquered, defeated

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jita

jita - conquered, defeated, won

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √ji (to conquer, win)

Root: ji (class 1)

कस्मिन् (kasmin) - in which (battle) (in which, in what)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

Interrogative pronoun

Note: masculine form agreeing with implied 'saṃgrāme' (battle)

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma, the powerful Pāṇḍava prince (Bhīma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - terrible, formidable; a name of the second Pāṇḍava prince

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

बलिनाम् (balinām) - of the strong, of the powerful

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of balin

balin - strong, powerful, mighty

Adjective formed with suffix -in

वरः (varaḥ) - the best, referring to Bhīma (best, excellent, choice)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, most excellent; a boon, a blessing

Root: vṛ (class 9)

इन्द्रप्रस्थम् (indraprastham) - the city of Indraprastha, capital of the Pāṇḍavas (Indraprastha)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of indraprastha

indraprastha - Indraprastha (lit. 'Indra's city'), the capital of the Pāṇḍavas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (indra+prastha)

• indra – Indra (king of gods)
  proper noun (masculine)
• prastha – plain, plateau, city, town
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of the verb 'nirjitam'

त्वया (tvayā) - by you (Duryodhana) (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Second person pronoun

Note: Agent in passive construction

कस्मिन् (kasmin) - in which (battle) (in which, in what)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

Interrogative pronoun

Note: masculine form agreeing with 'saṃgrāme'

संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, combat, war

निर्जितम् (nirjitam) - conquered (referring to Indraprastha) (conquered, completely defeated)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nirjita

nirjita - completely conquered, subjugated, defeated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √ji (to conquer, win) with prefix nir

Prefix: nir

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'indraprastham'

पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in the past

(indeclinable)