महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-41, verse-13

उत्तर उवाच ।
श्रुता मे शङ्खशब्दाश्च भेरीशब्दाश्च पुष्कलाः ।
कुञ्जराणां च निनदा व्यूढानीकेषु तिष्ठताम् ॥१३॥

13. uttara uvāca ,
śrutā me śaṅkhaśabdāśca bherīśabdāśca puṣkalāḥ ,
kuñjarāṇāṁ ca ninadā vyūḍhānīkeṣu tiṣṭhatām.

13. uttaraḥ uvāca śrutāḥ me śaṅkhaśabdāḥ ca bherīśabdāḥ ca
puṣkalāḥ kuñjarāṇām ca ninadāḥ vyūḍhānīkeṣu tiṣṭhatām

13. Uttara replied: I have indeed heard the mighty sounds of conches and drums, and the roars of elephants standing within the arrayed armies.

Words meanings summery:

• उत्तरः (uttaraḥ) - Uttara (name of a prince) (Uttara (proper noun); northern, superior, later, reply)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• श्रुताः (śrutāḥ) - heard, perceived, listened

• मे (me) - by me (agent of the past passive participle 'śrutāḥ') (by me, to me, for me, my)

• शङ्खशब्दाः (śaṅkhaśabdāḥ) - conch sounds, sounds of conches

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• भेरीशब्दाः (bherīśabdāḥ) - drum sounds, sounds of drums

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• पुष्कलाः (puṣkalāḥ) - mighty, loud (describing sounds) (abundant, plentiful, mighty, loud, complete)

• कुञ्जराणाम् (kuñjarāṇām) - of elephants

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• निनदाः (ninadāḥ) - roars (of elephants) (roars, sounds, cries)

• व्यूढानीकेषु (vyūḍhānīkeṣu) - in arrayed armies, in arranged divisions

• तिष्ठताम् (tiṣṭhatām) - of elephants standing (of those standing, standing)

Words meanings and morphology

उत्तरः (uttaraḥ) - Uttara (name of a prince) (Uttara (proper noun); northern, superior, later, reply)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uttara

uttara - Uttara (proper noun), northern, superior, reply

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense

Strong form of root vac, reduplication, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रुताः (śrutāḥ) - heard, perceived, listened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śruta

śruta - heard, listened, perceived

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śru (to hear) with suffix -ta

Root: śru (class 1)

मे (me) - by me (agent of the past passive participle 'śrutāḥ') (by me, to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I

Note: Enclitic form, used to indicate the agent of a past passive participle.

शङ्खशब्दाः (śaṅkhaśabdāḥ) - conch sounds, sounds of conches

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śaṅkhaśabda

śaṅkhaśabda - sound of a conch

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śaṅkha+śabda)

• śaṅkha – conch
  noun (masculine)
• śabda – sound, noise
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śabd (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

भेरीशब्दाः (bherīśabdāḥ) - drum sounds, sounds of drums

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bherīśabda

bherīśabda - sound of a drum

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bherī+śabda)

• bherī – drum, war-drum
  noun (feminine)
• śabda – sound, noise
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śabd (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

पुष्कलाः (puṣkalāḥ) - mighty, loud (describing sounds) (abundant, plentiful, mighty, loud, complete)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puṣkala

puṣkala - abundant, mighty, loud, complete

Note: Agrees with 'śaṅkhaśabdāḥ' and 'bherīśabdāḥ'.

कुञ्जराणाम् (kuñjarāṇām) - of elephants

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kuñjara

kuñjara - elephant

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

निनदाः (ninadāḥ) - roars (of elephants) (roars, sounds, cries)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ninada

ninada - sound, roar, cry

Derived from root nad (to roar, sound) with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: nad (class 1)

व्यूढानीकेषु (vyūḍhānīkeṣu) - in arrayed armies, in arranged divisions

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of vyūḍhānīka

vyūḍhānīka - arrayed army, arranged division

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vyūḍha+anīka)

• vyūḍha – arrayed, arranged, drawn up
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root ūh (to arrange, combine) with upasarga vi-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ūh (class 1)
• anīka – army, host, division
  noun (neuter)

तिष्ठताम् (tiṣṭhatām) - of elephants standing (of those standing, standing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tiṣṭhat

tiṣṭhat - standing, abiding, remaining

Present Active Participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with present participle suffix -at

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kuñjarāṇām'.