महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-41, verse-10

मा भैस्त्वं राजपुत्राग्र्य क्षत्रियोऽसि परंतप ।
कथं पुरुषशार्दूल शत्रुमध्ये विषीदसि ॥१०॥

10. mā bhaistvaṁ rājaputrāgrya kṣatriyo'si paraṁtapa ,
kathaṁ puruṣaśārdūla śatrumadhye viṣīdasi.

10. mā bhaiḥ tvam rājaputrāgrya kṣatriyaḥ asi
paraṃtapa katham puruṣaśārdūla śatrumadhye viṣīdasi

10. "Do not fear, O foremost among princes! You are a warrior (kṣatriya), O tormentor of enemies (paraṃtapa)! Why, O tiger among men (puruṣaśārdūla), do you despair in the midst of your foes?"

Words meanings summery:

• मा (mā) - not, do not

• भैः (bhaiḥ) - do not fear (fear)

• त्वम् (tvam) - You (Uttara) (you)

• राजपुत्राग्र्य (rājaputrāgrya) - Refers to Uttara (O foremost among princes, O best of princes)

• क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - warrior, member of the warrior class

• असि (asi) - are, exist

• परंतप (paraṁtapa) - Refers to Uttara, as Arjuna reminds him of his innate quality (O tormentor of enemies, O oppressor of foes)

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

• पुरुषशार्दूल (puruṣaśārdūla) - Refers to Uttara (O tiger among men, O foremost of men, O best of men)

• शत्रुमध्ये (śatrumadhye) - in the midst of enemies, among foes

• विषीदसि (viṣīdasi) - you despair, you become dejected, you sink down

Words meanings and morphology

मा (mā) - not, do not

(indeclinable)

भैः (bhaiḥ) - do not fear (fear)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhī

Aorist form (luṅ) used with mā for prohibition

Root: bhī (class 3)

त्वम् (tvam) - You (Uttara) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

राजपुत्राग्र्य (rājaputrāgrya) - Refers to Uttara (O foremost among princes, O best of princes)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājaputrāgrya

rājaputrāgrya - foremost among princes, best of princes

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+putra+agra)

• rājan – king, monarch
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• agra – foremost, chief, tip
  adjective

क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - warrior, member of the warrior class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - warrior, member of the warrior class

असि (asi) - are, exist

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

परंतप (paraṁtapa) - Refers to Uttara, as Arjuna reminds him of his innate quality (O tormentor of enemies, O oppressor of foes)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of enemies, oppressor of foes

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (param+tapa)

• param – enemy, hostile
  noun (neuter)
• tapa – burning, tormenting, causing pain
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root tap (to heat, torment) with suffix -a
  Root: tap (class 1)

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

पुरुषशार्दूल (puruṣaśārdūla) - Refers to Uttara (O tiger among men, O foremost of men, O best of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣaśārdūla

puruṣaśārdūla - tiger among men, foremost of men, best of men

Compound type : karmadhāraya (puruṣa+śārdūla)

• puruṣa – man, person, male
  noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger
  noun (masculine)

शत्रुमध्ये (śatrumadhye) - in the midst of enemies, among foes

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śatrumadhya

śatrumadhya - midst of enemies

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+madhya)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• madhya – middle, midst, center
  noun (neuter)

विषीदसि (viṣīdasi) - you despair, you become dejected, you sink down

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vi-sad

Prefix: vi

Root: sad (class 1)