महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-1, verse-20

सभास्तारो भविष्यामि तस्य राज्ञो महात्मनः ।
कङ्को नाम द्विजो भूत्वा मताक्षः प्रियदेविता ॥२०॥

20. sabhāstāro bhaviṣyāmi tasya rājño mahātmanaḥ ,
kaṅko nāma dvijo bhūtvā matākṣaḥ priyadevitā.

20. sabhāstāraḥ bhaviṣyāmi tasya rājñaḥ mahātmanaḥ
kaṅkaḥ nāma dvijaḥ bhūtvā matākṣaḥ priyadevitā

20. I will become an assembler of the court for that great-souled king (mahātman), taking the name Kaṅka, a brāhmaṇa (dvija), skilled in dice, and fond of gambling.

20. (ואז) אהיה בן לוויה בהיכל המשחקים של אותו מלך רב נפש. אהפוך לבְּרַהְמִין בשם קַנְקַה, מיומן בקוביות ואוהב משחק.

Words meanings summery:

• सभास्तारः (sabhāstāraḥ) - an assembler of the court, an officer of the assembly

• भविष्यामि (bhaviṣyāmi) - I will be, I will become

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of that

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled

• कङ्कः (kaṅkaḥ) - Kaṅka (name taken by Yudhiṣṭhira)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, named

• द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a brāhmaṇa, a twice-born (dvija)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having been, having become

• मताक्षः (matākṣaḥ) - skilled in dice, having eyes for dice

• प्रियदेविता (priyadevitā) - fond of gambling, having gambling as beloved

Words meanings and morphology

सभास्तारः (sabhāstāraḥ) - an assembler of the court, an officer of the assembly

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sabhāstāra

sabhāstāra - an assembler of the court, an officer of the assembly, a member of the assembly

Compound type : tatpurusha (sabhā+stāra)

• sabhā – assembly, council, court, hall
  noun (feminine)
• stāra – one who spreads, arranges (from stṛ)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: stṛ (class 5)

भविष्यामि (bhaviṣyāmi) - I will be, I will become

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of bhū

Future Tense

Root: bhū (class 1)

तस्य (tasya) - his, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to King Virāṭa.

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, prince

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, high-minded (mahātman)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (feminine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'rājñaḥ'.

कङ्कः (kaṅkaḥ) - Kaṅka (name taken by Yudhiṣṭhira)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaṅka

kaṅka - Kaṅka (name of Yudhiṣṭhira in disguise, also a kind of heron)

नाम (nāma) - by name, named

(indeclinable)

Note: Acts adverbially.

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a brāhmaṇa, a twice-born (dvija)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born, brāhmaṇa, bird, tooth

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• ja – born, produced from
  suffix
  From root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having been, having become

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive of root bhū (to be, become)

Root: bhū (class 1)

मताक्षः (matākṣaḥ) - skilled in dice, having eyes for dice

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of matākṣa

matākṣa - skilled in dice, having eyes for dice (referring to dice-playing)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mata+akṣa)

• mata – thought, considered, approved, played (dice)
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of man (to think), here 'focused on' or 'played with'
  Root: man (class 4)
• akṣa – die (for gambling), eye, axle
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies the implied subject 'I' (Yudhiṣṭhira).

प्रियदेविता (priyadevitā) - fond of gambling, having gambling as beloved

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of priyadevitā

priyadevitā - fond of gambling, having gambling as beloved, one who loves to gamble

Compound type : bahuvrihi (priya+devitā)

• priya – dear, beloved, favorite
  adjective (masculine)
• devitā – gambling, play with dice
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root div (to play, gamble)
  Root: div (class 4)

Note: Modifies the implied subject 'I' (Yudhiṣṭhira).

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