महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-1, verse-10

एतेषां कतमो राजन्निवासस्तव रोचते ।
वत्स्यामो यत्र राजेन्द्र संवत्सरमिमं वयम् ॥१०॥

10. eteṣāṁ katamo rājannivāsastava rocate ,
vatsyāmo yatra rājendra saṁvatsaramimaṁ vayam.

10. eteṣām katamaḥ rājan nivāsaḥ tava rocate |
vatsyāmaḥ yatra rājendra saṃvatsaram imam vayam

10. O King (rājan), which of these residences is agreeable to you? O King of Kings (rājendra), we will reside for this year wherever that may be.

Words meanings summery:

• एतेषाम् (eteṣām) - of these kingdoms/places (of these)

• कतमः (katamaḥ) - which one, who (among many)

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressing Yudhiṣṭhira (O king)

• निवासः (nivāsaḥ) - residence, dwelling, abode

• तव (tava) - your, to you

• रोचते (rocate) - is agreeable (to you) (pleases, is agreeable, shines)

• वत्स्यामः (vatsyāmaḥ) - we will dwell, we will reside

• यत्र (yatra) - where, wherever, in which place

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - Addressing Yudhiṣṭhira. (O King of Kings, O Emperor)

• संवत्सरम् (saṁvatsaram) - for the duration of a year (year)

• इमम् (imam) - this current year (this)

• वयम् (vayam) - we

Words meanings and morphology

एतेषाम् (eteṣām) - of these kingdoms/places (of these)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Refers to the previously mentioned janapadāḥ

कतमः (katamaḥ) - which one, who (among many)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of katama

katama - which (of many), who

Superlative affix -tama added to 'ka' (who/what)

Note: Refers to 'nivāsaḥ'

राजन् (rājan) - Addressing Yudhiṣṭhira (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Term of address

निवासः (nivāsaḥ) - residence, dwelling, abode

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nivāsa

nivāsa - residence, dwelling, abode, stay

From ni-vas (to dwell)

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'rocate'

तव (tava) - your, to you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Dative sense with 'rocate' (pleases to you)

रोचते (rocate) - is agreeable (to you) (pleases, is agreeable, shines)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ruc

Present Middle

3rd person singular, Atmanepada

Root: ruc (class 1)

वत्स्यामः (vatsyāmaḥ) - we will dwell, we will reside

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of vas

Future Active

1st person plural, Parasmaipada

Root: vas (class 1)

यत्र (yatra) - where, wherever, in which place

(indeclinable)

Note: Relative adverb of place

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - Addressing Yudhiṣṭhira. (O King of Kings, O Emperor)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - king of kings, emperor

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• indra – lord, chief, Indra (the deity)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Term of address

संवत्सरम् (saṁvatsaram) - for the duration of a year (year)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃvatsara

saṁvatsara - year

Note: Indicates duration

इमम् (imam) - this current year (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Qualifies 'saṃvatsaram'

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of 'vatsyāmaḥ'