महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-1, verse-18

न दुःखमुचितं किंचिद्राजन्वेद यथा जनः ।
स इमामापदं प्राप्य कथं घोरां तरिष्यसि ॥१८॥

18. na duḥkhamucitaṁ kiṁcidrājanveda yathā janaḥ ,
sa imāmāpadaṁ prāpya kathaṁ ghorāṁ tariṣyasi.

18. na duḥkham ucitam kiṃcid rājan veda yathā janaḥ
saḥ imām āpadam prāpya katham ghorām tariṣyasi

18. O King (rājan), as people know, no sorrow (duḥkha) is suitable for you. How will you, having met this terrible misfortune (āpad), overcome it?

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, misery

• उचितम् (ucitam) - suitable, proper, appropriate

• किंचिद् (kiṁcid) - something, anything

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• वेद (veda) - knows, understands

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

• जनः (janaḥ) - a person, people

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• इमाम् (imām) - this

• आपदम् (āpadam) - misfortune, calamity, distress

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having met

• कथम् (katham) - how?

• घोराम् (ghorām) - terrible, dreadful, fearful

• तरिष्यसि (tariṣyasi) - you will cross, you will overcome

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, misery

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, misery, pain, unhappiness

उचितम् (ucitam) - suitable, proper, appropriate

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ucita

ucita - suitable, proper, appropriate, fit

Past Passive Participle

PPP of root uc (to be fit)

Root: uc (class 6)

किंचिद् (kiṁcid) - something, anything

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kiṃcid

kiṁcid - something, anything, some, any

indeclinable form of kim-cid

Note: Often functions as an indefinite pronoun.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, prince

वेद (veda) - knows, understands

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vid

Perfect Tense

Root: vid (class 2)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

(indeclinable)

जनः (janaḥ) - a person, people

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jana

jana - person, man, creature, people

Root: jan (class 4)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

इमाम् (imām) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Modifies 'āpadam'.

आपदम् (āpadam) - misfortune, calamity, distress

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āpad

āpad - misfortune, calamity, distress, adversity

From ā + pad (to go towards)

Prefix: ā

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Object of 'prāpya'.

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having met

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive of pra-āp

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

कथम् (katham) - how?

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb.

घोराम् (ghorām) - terrible, dreadful, fearful

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, fearful, formidable

Note: Modifies 'āpadam'.

तरिष्यसि (tariṣyasi) - you will cross, you will overcome

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of tṛ

Future Tense

Root: tṛ (class 1)