महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-85, verse-7

यदर्थं पुरुषव्याघ्र कीर्तयन्ति पुरातनाः ।
एष्टव्या बहवः पुत्रा यद्येकोऽपि गयां व्रजेत् ॥७॥

7. yadarthaṁ puruṣavyāghra kīrtayanti purātanāḥ ,
eṣṭavyā bahavaḥ putrā yadyeko'pi gayāṁ vrajet.

7. yadartham puruṣavyāghra kīrtayanti purātanāḥ
eṣṭavyāḥ bahavaḥ putrāḥ yadi ekaḥ api gayām vrajet

7. O tiger among men, it is for this reason that the ancients declare: 'Many sons should be desired, in the hope that even one of them might go to Gaya.'

7. בגלל המקום הזה, הו אדם כנמר, היו הקדמונים אומרים שכדאי לרצות בנים רבים, כדי שלפחות אחד מהם ילך לגַיַה.

Words meanings summery:

• यदर्थम् (yadartham) - for this reason (for which purpose, for what reason)

• पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - an address to a king or noble person (O tiger among men, O best of men)

• कीर्तयन्ति (kīrtayanti) - they proclaim, they declare, they praise

• पुरातनाः (purātanāḥ) - the ancients, the old ones

• एष्टव्याः (eṣṭavyāḥ) - should be desired, should be sought

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

• यदि (yadi) - if

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• गयाम् (gayām) - to Gaya

• व्रजेत् (vrajet) - should go, may go

Words meanings and morphology

यदर्थम् (yadartham) - for this reason (for which purpose, for what reason)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yat+artha)

• yat – which, what
  pronoun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - an address to a king or noble person (O tiger among men, O best of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men, best of men (puruṣa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – person, man, cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

कीर्तयन्ति (kīrtayanti) - they proclaim, they declare, they praise

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of kīrt

causative/denomative from kīrti

Root: kīrt (class 10)

पुरातनाः (purātanāḥ) - the ancients, the old ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of purātana

purātana - ancient, old, former

एष्टव्याः (eṣṭavyāḥ) - should be desired, should be sought

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of eṣṭavya

eṣṭavya - to be desired, to be sought

Gerundive

from root iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 4)

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

एकः (ekaḥ) - one

(numeral)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

गयाम् (gayām) - to Gaya

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gaya

gaya - Gaya (a sacred city/mountain for ancestral rites)

Note: Refers to Gaya Kshetra, a sacred feminine entity, hence the feminine ending.

व्रजेत् (vrajet) - should go, may go

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of vraj

Root: vraj (class 1)

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