महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-74, verse-9

दृष्टपूर्वस्त्वया कश्चिद्धर्मज्ञो नाम बाहुक ।
सुप्तामुत्सृज्य विपिने गतो यः पुरुषः स्त्रियम् ॥९॥

9. dṛṣṭapūrvastvayā kaściddharmajño nāma bāhuka ,
suptāmutsṛjya vipine gato yaḥ puruṣaḥ striyam.

9. dṛṣṭapūrvaḥ tvayā kaścid dharmajñaḥ nāma bāhuka
suptām utsṛjya vipine gataḥ yaḥ puruṣaḥ striyam

9. O Bāhuka, have you ever seen a man (puruṣa), indeed one who understands natural law (dharma), who abandoned his sleeping wife in the forest and left her?

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्टपूर्वः (dṛṣṭapūrvaḥ) - seen before (seen before, previously seen)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you (Bāhuka) (by you)

• कश्चिद् (kaścid) - someone (a man) (someone, anyone, a certain)

• धर्मज्ञः (dharmajñaḥ) - one who understands natural law (dharma) (knower of dharma, righteous, virtuous)

• नाम (nāma) - indeed (as an emphatic particle, highlighting the sarcasm) (by name, indeed, verily)

• बाहुक (bāhuka) - O Bāhuka (address by Damayantī) (O Bāhuka)

• सुप्ताम् (suptām) - sleeping (wife) (sleeping)

• उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned (his wife) (having abandoned, having left)

• विपिने (vipine) - in the forest (in the forest, in a wilderness)

• गतः (gataḥ) - went, departed (gone, departed, having gone)

• यः (yaḥ) - who (refers to `puruṣaḥ`) (who, which)

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man (puruṣa) (referring to Nala) (man, person, human being (puruṣa))

• स्त्रियम् (striyam) - (his) wife (woman, wife)

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्टपूर्वः (dṛṣṭapūrvaḥ) - seen before (seen before, previously seen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭapūrva

dṛṣṭapūrva - previously seen, seen before

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dṛṣṭa+pūrva)

• dṛṣṭa – seen
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `dṛś` + `kta` suffix
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• pūrva – before, formerly, previous
  adjective

Note: Qualifies `kaścid puruṣaḥ`

त्वया (tvayā) - by you (Bāhuka) (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuşmad

yuşmad - you

Note: Agent of `dṛṣṭapūrvaḥ`

कश्चिद् (kaścid) - someone (a man) (someone, anyone, a certain)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - someone, a certain, any

`kim` + `cid`

Note: Refers to `puruṣaḥ`

धर्मज्ञः (dharmajñaḥ) - one who understands natural law (dharma) (knower of dharma, righteous, virtuous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knowing duty, righteous, virtuous, one who knows natural law (dharma)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knowing, acquainted with, wise
  adjective
  From root `jñā`
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies `puruṣaḥ`

नाम (nāma) - indeed (as an emphatic particle, highlighting the sarcasm) (by name, indeed, verily)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

बाहुक (bāhuka) - O Bāhuka (address by Damayantī) (O Bāhuka)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bāhuka

bāhuka - Bāhuka (name of Nala in disguise)

Note: Addressed by Damayantī

सुप्ताम् (suptām) - sleeping (wife) (sleeping)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of supta

supta - asleep, sleeping, slept

Past Passive Participle

From root `svap` + `kta` suffix

Root: svap (class 2)

Note: Qualifies `striyam`

उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned (his wife) (having abandoned, having left)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From prefix `ut` + root `sṛj` + `lyap` suffix

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Describes the action of `puruṣaḥ`

विपिने (vipine) - in the forest (in the forest, in a wilderness)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vipina

vipina - forest, wilderness, grove

Note: Location of abandonment

गतः (gataḥ) - went, departed (gone, departed, having gone)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, arrived at, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From root `gam` + `kta` suffix

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used here in an active sense, 'who went'.

यः (yaḥ) - who (refers to `puruṣaḥ`) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man (puruṣa) (referring to Nala) (man, person, human being (puruṣa))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, human being, person, the cosmic person (puruṣa)

Note: Subject of the relative clause

स्त्रियम् (striyam) - (his) wife (woman, wife)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of strī

strī - woman, wife, female

Note: Object of `utsṛjya`