महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-74, verse-1

बृहदश्व उवाच ।
सर्वं विकारं दृष्ट्वा तु पुण्यश्लोकस्य धीमतः ।
आगत्य केशिनी क्षिप्रं दमयन्त्यै न्यवेदयत् ॥१॥

1. bṛhadaśva uvāca ,
sarvaṁ vikāraṁ dṛṣṭvā tu puṇyaślokasya dhīmataḥ ,
āgatya keśinī kṣipraṁ damayantyai nyavedayat.

1. bṛhadaśvaḥ uvāca sarvam vikāram dṛṣṭvā tu puṇyaślokasya
dhīmataḥ āgatya keśinī kṣipram damayanyai nyavedayat

1. Bṛhadaśva said: Having observed all the unusual characteristics of the sagacious Puṇyaśloka, Keśinī quickly returned and reported everything to Damayanti.

Words meanings summery:

• बृहदश्वः (bṛhadaśvaḥ) - Sage Bṛhadaśva (Bṛhadaśva (name of a sage))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (the unusual characteristics) (all, every, whole, entire)

• विकारम् (vikāram) - unusual characteristics, changes (in Bāhuka's appearance/behavior) (change, transformation, alteration, defect, abnormality, emotion)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having observed (having seen, having perceived)

• तु (tu) - (emphatic) (but, indeed, however, moreover)

• पुण्यश्लोकस्य (puṇyaślokasya) - of Puṇyaśloka (an epithet for Nala) (of the one of sacred fame, of the one whose fame is virtuous)

• धीमतः (dhīmataḥ) - of the sagacious (Nala) (of the wise, intelligent, sagacious one)

• आगत्य (āgatya) - having returned (to Damayanti) (having come, having approached, having arrived)

• केशिनी (keśinī) - Keśinī (Keśinī (name of Damayanti's maid))

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

• दमयन्यै (damayanyai) - to Damayanti

• न्यवेदयत् (nyavedayat) - reported (everything) (reported, announced, informed)

Words meanings and morphology

बृहदश्वः (bṛhadaśvaḥ) - Sage Bṛhadaśva (Bṛhadaśva (name of a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bṛhadaśva

bṛhadaśva - name of a sage

Note: Speaker of the verse.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect

Irregular perfect formation of 'vac'

Root: vac (class 2)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (the unusual characteristics) (all, every, whole, entire)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Modifies 'vikāram'.

विकारम् (vikāram) - unusual characteristics, changes (in Bāhuka's appearance/behavior) (change, transformation, alteration, defect, abnormality, emotion)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vikāra

vikāra - change, transformation, alteration, abnormality, defect, emotion

Derived from root 'kṛ' with 'vi'

Prefix: vi

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having observed (having seen, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed with 'ktvā' suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Modifies the action of Keśinī.

तु (tu) - (emphatic) (but, indeed, however, moreover)

(indeclinable)

पुण्यश्लोकस्य (puṇyaślokasya) - of Puṇyaśloka (an epithet for Nala) (of the one of sacred fame, of the one whose fame is virtuous)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of puṇyaśloka

puṇyaśloka - of sacred fame, of virtuous renown

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (puṇya+śloka)

• puṇya – virtuous, meritorious, sacred
  adjective (neuter)
• śloka – fame, renown, verse
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'dhīmataḥ' and refers to Nala.

धीमतः (dhīmataḥ) - of the sagacious (Nala) (of the wise, intelligent, sagacious one)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - intelligent, wise, sagacious

Derived from 'dhī' (intellect) with 'matup' suffix

Note: Qualifies Nala (Bāhuka).

आगत्य (āgatya) - having returned (to Damayanti) (having come, having approached, having arrived)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund) with prefix

Formed with 'lyap' suffix for prefixed roots

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Describes Keśinī's action before reporting.

केशिनी (keśinī) - Keśinī (Keśinī (name of Damayanti's maid))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of keśinī

keśinī - name of a maidservant

Note: Subject of 'nyavedayat'.

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

(indeclinable)

As an adverb (neuter accusative singular)

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Modifies 'āgatya' and 'nyavedayat'.

दमयन्यै (damayanyai) - to Damayanti

(proper noun)

Dative, feminine, singular of damayantī

damayantī - name of a princess, wife of Nala

Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Recipient of the report.

न्यवेदयत् (nyavedayat) - reported (everything) (reported, announced, informed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of niveday

Causative, Imperfect

From root 'vid' (to know) with 'ni', causative stem 'veday', imperfect 'avyayat'

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 2)