महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-52, verse-18

अथैनं स्मयमानेव स्मितपूर्वाभिभाषिणी ।
दमयन्ती नलं वीरमभ्यभाषत विस्मिता ॥१८॥

18. athainaṁ smayamāneva smitapūrvābhibhāṣiṇī ,
damayantī nalaṁ vīramabhyabhāṣata vismitā.

18. atha enam smayamānā iva smitapūrvābhāṣiṇī
damayantī nalaṃ vīram abhyabhāṣata vismitā

18. Then Damayantī, appearing to smile and speaking with a preliminary smile, and filled with wonder, addressed the hero Nala.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• एनम् (enam) - him, this (masculine)

• स्मयमाना (smayamānā) - smiling, laughing

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• स्मितपूर्वाभाषिणी (smitapūrvābhāṣiṇī) - one who speaks after or with a preliminary smile

• दमयन्ती (damayantī) - Damayantī (proper name)

• नलं (nalaṁ) - Nala

• वीरम् (vīram) - hero, brave one

• अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - she spoke to, she addressed

• विस्मिता (vismitā) - astonished, surprised, filled with wonder

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - him, this (masculine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that; him, her, it

स्मयमाना (smayamānā) - smiling, laughing

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of smayamāna

smayamāna - smiling, laughing, beaming

Present Middle Participle

Present participle of the verb smī (to smile)

Root: smī (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

स्मितपूर्वाभाषिणी (smitapūrvābhāṣiṇī) - one who speaks after or with a preliminary smile

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of smitapūrvābhāṣin

smitapūrvābhāṣin - speaking after smiling, having a smile as a prelude to speech

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (smita+pūrva+bhāṣin)

• smita – smiled, smiling, a smile
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From the root smī (to smile)
  Root: smī (class 1)
• pūrva – preceding, former, prior, first
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• bhāṣin – speaking, speaker, saying
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Agent Noun / Adjective
  Derived from the root bhāṣ (to speak) with the suffix -in
  Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

दमयन्ती (damayantī) - Damayantī (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of damayantī

damayantī - Damayantī (the heroine of the Nalopākhyāna, wife of Nala)

नलं (nalaṁ) - Nala

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nala

nala - Nala (a mythological king, hero of the Nala-Damayantī story)

वीरम् (vīram) - hero, brave one

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, champion, brave man; valorous, heroic

अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - she spoke to, she addressed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of abhibhāṣ

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

विस्मिता (vismitā) - astonished, surprised, filled with wonder

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vismita

vismita - astonished, surprised, wondered, perplexed

Past Passive Participle

From the verb vi-smī (to be astonished, to wonder)

Prefix: vi

Root: smī (class 1)