महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-52, verse-13

तस्य दृष्ट्वैव ववृधे कामस्तां चारुहासिनीम् ।
सत्यं चिकीर्षमाणस्तु धारयामास हृच्छयम् ॥१३॥

13. tasya dṛṣṭvaiva vavṛdhe kāmastāṁ cāruhāsinīm ,
satyaṁ cikīrṣamāṇastu dhārayāmāsa hṛcchayam.

13. tasya dṛṣṭvā eva vavṛdhe kāmaḥ tām cāruhāsinīm
satyam cikīrṣamāṇaḥ tu dhārayāmāsa hṛcchayam

13. Upon seeing her, the beautifully smiling one, Nala's desire (kāma) for her immediately intensified. But, intending to uphold his promise, he restrained the love (kāma) in his heart.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Nala) (his, of him, of that)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen, after seeing)

• एव (eva) - immediately, just (indeed, just, only, truly)

• ववृधे (vavṛdhe) - intensified (it grew, it increased)

• कामः (kāmaḥ) - desire (kāma), love (desire, love, lust, god of love)

• ताम् (tām) - her (Damayantī) (her, that (feminine accusative singular))

• चारुहासिनीम् (cāruhāsinīm) - the beautifully smiling one (Damayantī) (beautifully smiling, charmingly laughing)

• सत्यम् (satyam) - his promise, truth (truth, reality, pledge)

• चिकीर्षमाणः (cikīrṣamāṇaḥ) - intending to uphold (his promise) (wishing to do, intending to perform)

• तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• धारयामास (dhārayāmāsa) - he restrained (he held, he supported, he restrained)

• हृच्छयम् (hṛcchayam) - the love/desire in his heart (lying in the heart, love, desire)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Nala) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Nala.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen, after seeing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of √dṛś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

एव (eva) - immediately, just (indeed, just, only, truly)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

ववृधे (vavṛdhe) - intensified (it grew, it increased)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of vṛdh

Past Tense (Perfect)

Perfect middle form of √vṛdh (to grow).

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

कामः (kāmaḥ) - desire (kāma), love (desire, love, lust, god of love)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, love, god of love, pleasure

From √kam 'to desire'.

Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'vavṛdhe'.

ताम् (tām) - her (Damayantī) (her, that (feminine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she

Feminine accusative singular of demonstrative pronoun tad.

Note: Object of implied desire/seeing.

चारुहासिनीम् (cāruhāsinīm) - the beautifully smiling one (Damayantī) (beautifully smiling, charmingly laughing)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of cāruhāsinī

cāruhāsinī - beautifully smiling, charmingly laughing

Compound: cāru (beautiful) + hāsinī (smiling, laughing). Hāsinī is a feminine agent noun from √has 'to laugh'.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (cāru+hāsinī)

• cāru – beautiful, lovely, charming
  adjective (neuter)
  Root: car (class 1)
• hāsinī – smiling, laughing (feminine)
  adjective (feminine)
  Agent Noun
  Feminine form of hāsin, from √has 'to laugh, smile'.
  Root: has (class 1)

सत्यम् (satyam) - his promise, truth (truth, reality, pledge)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - true, real, truth, reality, promise

From 'sat' (being, existing).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Object of 'cikīrṣamāṇaḥ'.

चिकीर्षमाणः (cikīrṣamāṇaḥ) - intending to uphold (his promise) (wishing to do, intending to perform)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cikīrṣamāṇa

cikīrṣamāṇa - wishing to do, intending to do, desiring to perform

Desiderative Present Middle Participle

Desiderative form of √kṛ 'to do' with suffix -māṇa (middle participle).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

धारयामास (dhārayāmāsa) - he restrained (he held, he supported, he restrained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of dhāraya

Past Tense (Perfect)

Perfect form of the causative of √dhṛ 'to hold'.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

हृच्छयम् (hṛcchayam) - the love/desire in his heart (lying in the heart, love, desire)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hṛcchaya

hṛcchaya - lying in the heart, desire, love, Manmatha (god of love)

Compound: hṛd (heart) + śaya (lying, residing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hṛd+śaya)

• hṛd – heart, mind
  noun (neuter)
  d-stem neuter noun.
• śaya – lying, resting, residing, couch
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From √śī 'to lie down'.
  Root: śī (class 2)