महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-279, verse-6

तस्यार्घ्यमासनं चैव गां चावेद्य स धर्मवित् ।
किमागमनमित्येवं राजा राजानमब्रवीत् ॥६॥

6. tasyārghyamāsanaṁ caiva gāṁ cāvedya sa dharmavit ,
kimāgamanamityevaṁ rājā rājānamabravīt.

6. tasya arghyam āsanam ca eva gām ca āvedya saḥ
dharmavit kim āgamanam iti evam rājā rājānam abravīt

6. That king, the knower of natural law (dharma), having offered him a respectful offering, a seat, and a cow, then asked the other king, "What is the purpose of your arrival?"

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - to him (King Dyumatsena) (his, to him, of him)

• अर्घ्यम् (arghyam) - offering of respectful water, respectful reception, honorific

• आसनम् (āsanam) - seat, sitting, posture

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

• गाम् (gām) - a cow (as an offering) (cow, earth, ray)

• च (ca) - and, also

• आवेद्य (āvedya) - having offered, having presented, having announced

• सः (saḥ) - he (King Aśvapati) (that, he)

• धर्मवित् (dharmavit) - knower of natural law, righteous

• किम् (kim) - what?, why?

• आगमनम् (āgamanam) - arrival, coming, approach

• इति (iti) - marks direct speech (thus, so)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• राजा (rājā) - King Aśvapati (king, ruler)

• राजानम् (rājānam) - to the king (Dyumatsena) (king, ruler)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - to him (King Dyumatsena) (his, to him, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अर्घ्यम् (arghyam) - offering of respectful water, respectful reception, honorific

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of arghya

arghya - deserving of honor, respectful offering, water for reception

आसनम् (āsanam) - seat, sitting, posture

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āsana

āsana - sitting, seat, posture

Root: ās (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

गाम् (gām) - a cow (as an offering) (cow, earth, ray)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, bull, earth, ray of light

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आवेद्य (āvedya) - having offered, having presented, having announced

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root vid with upasarga ā, in causative sense, then absolutive suffix -ya

Prefix: ā

Root: vid (class 4)

सः (saḥ) - he (King Aśvapati) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

धर्मवित् (dharmavit) - knower of natural law, righteous

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmavit

dharmavit - knower of natural law (dharma), righteous person

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (dharma+vid)

• dharma – natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vid – knower, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

किम् (kim) - what?, why?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, who?, which?

आगमनम् (āgamanam) - arrival, coming, approach

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āgamana

āgamana - coming, arrival, approach

Derived from root gam with upasarga ā

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

इति (iti) - marks direct speech (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - King Aśvapati (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

राजानम् (rājānam) - to the king (Dyumatsena) (king, ruler)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)