महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-279, verse-4

तत्रापश्यन्महाभागं शालवृक्षमुपाश्रितम् ।
कौश्यां बृस्यां समासीनं चक्षुर्हीनं नृपं तदा ॥४॥

4. tatrāpaśyanmahābhāgaṁ śālavṛkṣamupāśritam ,
kauśyāṁ bṛsyāṁ samāsīnaṁ cakṣurhīnaṁ nṛpaṁ tadā.

4. tatra apaśyat mahā-bhāgam śāla-vṛkṣam upāśritam
kauśyām bṛsyām samāsīnam cakṣuḥ-hīnam nṛpam tadā

4. There he saw the greatly fortunate king, who was blind at that time, seated on a silken mat and leaning against a śāla tree.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there (at the āśrama) (there, in that place)

• अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - he saw (he saw, beheld)

• महा-भागम् (mahā-bhāgam) - the greatly fortunate one (referring to Dyumatsena) (greatly fortunate, highly auspicious)

• शाल-वृक्षम् (śāla-vṛkṣam) - a śāla tree (śāla tree)

• उपाश्रितम् (upāśritam) - leaning against (a śāla tree) (resorted to, leaning against, seated near)

• कौश्याम् (kauśyām) - on a silken (mat) (on a silken (garment/mat))

• बृस्याम् (bṛsyām) - on a mat/cushion (on a mat, on a cushion)

• समासीनम् (samāsīnam) - seated (seated, sitting)

• चक्षुः-हीनम् (cakṣuḥ-hīnam) - blind (eye-deprived, blind)

• नृपम् (nṛpam) - the king (Dyumatsena) (king)

• तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there (at the āśrama) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - he saw (he saw, beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Imperfect (laṅ) of paś

Imperfect Active

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice, from root dṛś (with paś- stem in present/imperfect).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: The subject is the king (nṛpaḥ from previous verse).

महा-भागम् (mahā-bhāgam) - the greatly fortunate one (referring to Dyumatsena) (greatly fortunate, highly auspicious)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahā-bhāga

mahā-bhāga - greatly fortunate, highly auspicious, noble, exalted

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bhāga)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bhāga – fortune, share, portion, destiny
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies the implied object (Dyumatsena) which is further specified by 'nṛpam'.

शाल-वृक्षम् (śāla-vṛkṣam) - a śāla tree (śāla tree)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śāla-vṛkṣa

śāla-vṛkṣa - śāla tree (Shorea robusta)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śāla+vṛkṣa)

• śāla – śāla tree
  noun (masculine)
• vṛkṣa – tree
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'upāśritam' as the place of support.

उपाश्रितम् (upāśritam) - leaning against (a śāla tree) (resorted to, leaning against, seated near)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upa-āśrita

upa-āśrita - resorted to, dependent on, leaning against, seated near

Past Passive Participle

From root śri (to lean on, resort to) with prefixes upa- and ā-.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'mahābhāgam' / 'nṛpam'.

कौश्याम् (kauśyām) - on a silken (mat) (on a silken (garment/mat))

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of kauśī

kauśī - silken, made of silk; also can mean a silken pillow/mat

Note: Modifies 'bṛsyām'.

बृस्याम् (bṛsyām) - on a mat/cushion (on a mat, on a cushion)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bṛsī

bṛsī - mat, cushion, seat made of grass or leaves

Note: Indicates the place of sitting.

समासीनम् (samāsīnam) - seated (seated, sitting)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sam-āsīna

sam-āsīna - seated, sitting down

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

From root ās (to sit) with prefix sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'mahābhāgam' / 'nṛpam'.

चक्षुः-हीनम् (cakṣuḥ-hīnam) - blind (eye-deprived, blind)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of cakṣuḥ-hīna

cakṣuḥ-hīna - deprived of sight, blind

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cakṣus+hīna)

• cakṣus – eye, sight
  noun (neuter)
• hīna – devoid of, deprived of, deficient
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root hā (to abandon, lose).
  Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'mahābhāgam' / 'nṛpam'.

नृपम् (nṛpam) - the king (Dyumatsena) (king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

Note: Direct object of 'apaśyat'.

तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.