महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-279, verse-5

स राजा तस्य राजर्षेः कृत्वा पूजां यथार्हतः ।
वाचा सुनियतो भूत्वा चकारात्मनिवेदनम् ॥५॥

5. sa rājā tasya rājarṣeḥ kṛtvā pūjāṁ yathārhataḥ ,
vācā suniyato bhūtvā cakārātmanivedanam.

5. sa rājā tasya rājarṣeḥ kṛtvā pūjām yathā-arhataḥ
vācā su-niyataḥ bhūtvā cakāra ātma-nivedanam

5. That king, having duly honored that royal sage (rājarṣi) and being disciplined in his speech, then introduced himself (ātma-nivedana).

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - that (king, the one from the previous verse) (that, he)

• राजा (rājā) - the king (king, ruler)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (royal sage) (of that, his)

• राजर्षेः (rājarṣeḥ) - of that royal sage (rājarṣi) (of the royal sage (rājarṣi))

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having performed (having done, having made, having performed)

• पूजाम् (pūjām) - honor (worship, honor, respect)

• यथा-अर्हतः (yathā-arhataḥ) - as was proper, appropriately (according to what is proper, appropriately, duly)

• वाचा (vācā) - with his speech (by speech, with words, verbally)

• सु-नियतः (su-niyataḥ) - well-controlled (in speech) (well-controlled, highly disciplined, restrained)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

• चकार (cakāra) - he made (he made, he did, he performed)

• आत्म-निवेदनम् (ātma-nivedanam) - self-introduction (self-introduction, self-offering, declaration of oneself)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - that (king, the one from the previous verse) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the king who travelled to the āśrama.

राजा (rājā) - the king (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Note: Subject of 'cakāra'.

तस्य (tasya) - of that (royal sage) (of that, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Dyumatsena, the royal sage.

राजर्षेः (rājarṣeḥ) - of that royal sage (rājarṣi) (of the royal sage (rājarṣi))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājarṣi

rājarṣi - royal sage, a king who is also a sage (rājarṣi)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+ṛṣi)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Governed by 'pūjām' (honor of someone).

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having performed (having done, having made, having performed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root kṛ (to do, make) + suffix -tvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पूजाम् (pūjām) - honor (worship, honor, respect)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pūjā

pūjā - worship, adoration, honor, respect

Note: Object of 'kṛtvā'.

यथा-अर्हतः (yathā-arhataḥ) - as was proper, appropriately (according to what is proper, appropriately, duly)

(indeclinable)

Derived from yathā (as) + arha (worthy) + the adverbial suffix -tas.

Note: Adverbial usage.

वाचा (vācā) - with his speech (by speech, with words, verbally)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, voice, word

Note: Instrument of being 'suniyataḥ'.

सु-नियतः (su-niyataḥ) - well-controlled (in speech) (well-controlled, highly disciplined, restrained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of su-niyata

su-niyata - well-controlled, firmly restrained, highly disciplined

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yam (to restrain) with prefixes ni- and su-.

Compound type : pravādi-samāsa (su+niyata)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'good' or 'well'.
• niyata – restrained, controlled, disciplined, fixed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yam (to restrain) with prefix ni-.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'rājā'.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root bhū (to be, become) + suffix -tvā.

Root: bhū (class 1)

चकार (cakāra) - he made (he made, he did, he performed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Perfect Active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice, from root kṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

आत्म-निवेदनम् (ātma-nivedanam) - self-introduction (self-introduction, self-offering, declaration of oneself)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ātma-nivedana

ātma-nivedana - self-introduction, self-offering, submission of oneself, self-revelation (ātmanivedana)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (ātman+nivedana)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
• nivedana – announcement, declaration, offering, communication
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root vid (to know) with prefix ni-.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vid (class 6)

Note: Object of 'cakāra'.