महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-279, verse-21

तथैव प्रियवादेन नैपुणेन शमेन च ।
रहश्चैवोपचारेण भर्तारं पर्यतोषयत् ॥२१॥

21. tathaiva priyavādena naipuṇena śamena ca ,
rahaścaivopacāreṇa bhartāraṁ paryatoṣayat.

21. tathā eva priyavādena naipuṇena śamena ca
rahaḥ ca eva upacāreṇa bhartāram paryatoṣayat

21. Likewise, through kind words, skill, and inner peace (śama), and also by serving him privately, she satisfied her husband.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly, likewise

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

• प्रियवादेन (priyavādena) - by pleasant speech, by kind words

• नैपुणेन (naipuṇena) - by skill, by expertise, by dexterity

• शमेन (śamena) - by tranquility, by calmness, by inner peace, by self-control

• च (ca) - and, also

• रहः (rahaḥ) - privately, secretly, in secret

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

• उपचारेण (upacāreṇa) - by service, by treatment, by respectful attendance

• भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - husband, maintainer, lord

• पर्यतोषयत् (paryatoṣayat) - she satisfied, she pleased

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly, likewise

(indeclinable)

Adverb

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

(indeclinable)

Particle

प्रियवादेन (priyavādena) - by pleasant speech, by kind words

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of priyavāda

priyavāda - pleasant speech, kind words, agreeable discourse

Compound type : tatpurusha (priya+vāda)

• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing, agreeable
  adjective (masculine)
• vāda – speech, talk, statement, discussion
  noun (masculine)
  From root vad- 'to speak'
  Root: vad (class 1)

नैपुणेन (naipuṇena) - by skill, by expertise, by dexterity

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of naipuṇa

naipuṇa - skill, expertise, dexterity, cleverness

Derived from nipuṇa (skilled, clever)

शमेन (śamena) - by tranquility, by calmness, by inner peace, by self-control

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śama

śama - tranquility, calmness, peace, suppression of passions, self-restraint

From root śam- 'to be quiet, to calm'

Root: śam (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects śamena with the previous instrumental nouns.

रहः (rahaḥ) - privately, secretly, in secret

(indeclinable)

Often used adverbially in the form rahaḥ.

Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Adverb modifying upacāreṇa.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects rahaḥ with upacāreṇa.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

(indeclinable)

Particle

उपचारेण (upacāreṇa) - by service, by treatment, by respectful attendance

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of upacāra

upacāra - service, attendance, treatment, respect

From root car- 'to move' with prefix upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: car (class 1)

भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - husband, maintainer, lord

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - husband, maintainer, supporter, lord

Agent Noun

From root bhṛ- 'to bear, support, maintain'

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Object of paryatoṣayat.

पर्यतोषयत् (paryatoṣayat) - she satisfied, she pleased

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of tuṣ

Causative Imperfect Active

Causative form of root tuṣ- ('to be pleased'), with prefix pari- 'around, completely', resulting in 'to cause to be completely pleased'.

Prefix: pari

Root: tuṣ (class 4)