महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-253, verse-20

मा वः प्रियायाः सुनसं सुलोचनं चन्द्रप्रभाच्छं वदनं प्रसन्नम् ।
स्पृश्याच्छुभं कश्चिदकृत्यकारी श्वा वै पुरोडाशमिवोपयुङ्क्षीत् ।
एतानि वर्त्मान्यनुयात शीघ्रं मा वः कालः क्षिप्रमिहात्यगाद्वै ॥२०॥

20. mā vaḥ priyāyāḥ sunasaṁ sulocanaṁ; candraprabhācchaṁ vadanaṁ prasannam ,
spṛśyācchubhaṁ kaścidakṛtyakārī; śvā vai puroḍāśamivopayuṅkṣīt ,
etāni vartmānyanuyāta śīghraṁ; mā vaḥ kālaḥ kṣipramihātyagādvai.

20. mā vaḥ priyāyāḥ sunasam sulocanam candraprabhāccham
vadanam prasannam spṛśyāt aśubham kaścit akṛtyakārī
śvā vai puroḍāśam iva upayukṅkṣīt etāni vartmāni
anu yāta śīghram mā vaḥ kālaḥ kṣipram iha atyagāt vai

20. May no wicked wrongdoer touch the beautiful-nosed, beautiful-eyed, moon-like radiant, serene face of your beloved; for that would be an inauspicious act, like a dog indeed partaking of a sacrificial cake. Therefore, quickly follow these paths! May your time not swiftly pass away here.

Words meanings summery:

• मा (mā) - do not, not

• वः (vaḥ) - your, to you, for you (plural)

• प्रियायाः (priyāyāḥ) - of the beloved one, of your dear one

• सुनसम् (sunasam) - having a beautiful nose

• सुलोचनम् (sulocanam) - having beautiful eyes

• चन्द्रप्रभाच्छम् (candraprabhāccham) - with pure moon-like radiance

• वदनम् (vadanam) - face, mouth

• प्रसन्नम् (prasannam) - serene, cheerful, clear

• स्पृश्यात् (spṛśyāt) - may touch, should touch

• अशुभम् (aśubham) - an inauspicious act (referring to the touching of the face) (an inauspicious thing, an evil)

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - some (wicked wrongdoer) (someone, anyone)

• अकृत्यकारी (akṛtyakārī) - one who performs improper acts, a wrongdoer

• श्वा (śvā) - dog

• वै (vai) - indeed, truly, certainly

• पुरोडाशम् (puroḍāśam) - sacrificial cake

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• उपयुङ्क्षीत् (upayuṅkṣīt) - may partake of, should enjoy/eat

• एतानि (etāni) - these

• वर्त्मानि (vartmāni) - paths, ways

• अनु (anu) - along, after, according to

• यात (yāta) - go, proceed

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly

• मा (mā) - do not, not

• वः (vaḥ) - your, to you, for you (plural)

• कालः (kālaḥ) - time; Death

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• अत्यगात् (atyagāt) - passed by, departed, overtook

• वै (vai) - indeed, truly, certainly

Words meanings and morphology

मा (mā) - do not, not

(indeclinable)

वः (vaḥ) - your, to you, for you (plural)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural)

प्रियायाः (priyāyāḥ) - of the beloved one, of your dear one

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of priyā

priyā - beloved, dear, pleasing (feminine)

सुनसम् (sunasam) - having a beautiful nose

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sunasa

sunasa - beautiful-nosed

Compound of 'su' (good, beautiful) and 'nasa' (nose).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+nasa)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• nasa – nose
  noun (feminine)

Note: Agrees with 'vadanam'.

सुलोचनम् (sulocanam) - having beautiful eyes

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sulocana

sulocana - beautiful-eyed

Compound of 'su' (good, beautiful) and 'locana' (eye).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+locana)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• locana – eye
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from the root √loc (to see).
  Root: √loc (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vadanam'.

चन्द्रप्रभाच्छम् (candraprabhāccham) - with pure moon-like radiance

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of candraprabhāccha

candraprabhāccha - pure like the moon's radiance, clear as moonlight

Compound of 'candra' (moon), 'prabhā' (radiance), and 'accha' (clear, pure).

Compound type : tatpurusha (candra+prabhā+accha)

• candra – moon
  noun (masculine)
• prabhā – light, splendor, radiance
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from the root √bhā (to shine) with prefix 'pra'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: √bhā (class 2)
• accha – clear, pure, transparent
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'vadanam'.

वदनम् (vadanam) - face, mouth

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vadana

vadana - face, mouth

Derived from the root √vad (to speak).

Root: √vad (class 1)

प्रसन्नम् (prasannam) - serene, cheerful, clear

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prasanna

prasanna - clear, bright, calm, serene, gracious, cheerful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √sad (to sit, settle) with prefix 'pra', meaning 'become clear/calm'.

Prefix: pra

Root: √sad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vadanam'.

स्पृश्यात् (spṛśyāt) - may touch, should touch

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of √spṛś

Optative Mood, Active Voice

Root: √spṛś (class 6)

अशुभम् (aśubham) - an inauspicious act (referring to the touching of the face) (an inauspicious thing, an evil)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aśubha

aśubha - inauspicious, evil, bad; an inauspicious thing/event

Formed by prefixing 'a-' (not) to 'śubha' (auspicious).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+śubha)

• na – not, non-
  indeclinable
• śubha – auspicious, good, beautiful
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Used as a substantive, referring to the act of touching as an inauspicious event.

कश्चित् (kaścit) - some (wicked wrongdoer) (someone, anyone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ka-cid

ka-cid - someone, anyone, a certain person

Formed from interrogative pronoun 'ka' (who) and indefinite particle 'cit'.

अकृत्यकारी (akṛtyakārī) - one who performs improper acts, a wrongdoer

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akṛtyakārin

akṛtyakārin - one who performs an improper act, a wrongdoer, villain

Compound of 'a-' (not), 'kṛtya' (proper to be done), and 'kārin' (doer).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+kṛtya+kārin)

• na – not, non-
  indeclinable
• kṛtya – proper to be done, duty, action
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive/Passive Future Participle
  Derived from the root √kṛ (to do).
  Root: √kṛ (class 8)
• kārin – doer, maker, performing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun suffix
  Derived from the root √kṛ (to do), forming 'one who does'.
  Root: √kṛ (class 8)

श्वा (śvā) - dog

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śvan

śvan - dog

वै (vai) - indeed, truly, certainly

(indeclinable)

पुरोडाशम् (puroḍāśam) - sacrificial cake

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puroḍāśa

puroḍāśa - sacrificial cake

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

उपयुङ्क्षीत् (upayuṅkṣīt) - may partake of, should enjoy/eat

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of √yuj

Optative Mood, Middle Voice

Derived from the root √yuj (to join, apply, employ) with prefix 'upa'.

Prefix: upa

Root: √yuj (class 7)

एतानि (etāni) - these

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of etad

etad - this, these

वर्त्मानि (vartmāni) - paths, ways

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of vartman

vartman - path, road, track

अनु (anu) - along, after, according to

(indeclinable)

यात (yāta) - go, proceed

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of √yā

Imperative Mood, Active Voice

Root: √yā (class 2)

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially.

मा (mā) - do not, not

(indeclinable)

वः (vaḥ) - your, to you, for you (plural)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural)

कालः (kālaḥ) - time; Death

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, proper season; Death (as personified)

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially.

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

अत्यगात् (atyagāt) - passed by, departed, overtook

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of √gam

Aorist Tense, Active Voice

Derived from the root √gam (to go) with prefix 'ati'.

Prefix: ati

Root: √gam (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed, truly, certainly

(indeclinable)