महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-253, verse-18

पुरा हि निर्भर्त्सनदण्डमोहिता प्रमूढचित्ता वदनेन शुष्यता ।
ददाति कस्मैचिदनर्हते तनुं वराज्यपूर्णामिव भस्मनि स्रुचम् ॥१८॥

18. purā hi nirbhartsanadaṇḍamohitā; pramūḍhacittā vadanena śuṣyatā ,
dadāti kasmaicidanarhate tanuṁ; varājyapūrṇāmiva bhasmani srucam.

18. purā hi nirbhartsanadaṇḍamohitā
pramūḍhacittā vadanena śuṣyatā
dadāti kasmai cit anarhate tanum
varājyapūrṇām iva bhasmani srucam

18. Indeed, in the past, a woman, bewildered by threats and punishment, with a deeply deluded mind and a withered face, gives her body to someone undeserving, just as a ladle full of excellent ghee is offered into ashes.

Words meanings summery:

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• निर्भर्त्सनदण्डमोहिता (nirbhartsanadaṇḍamohitā) - bewildered by threat of rebuke and punishment

• प्रमूढचित्ता (pramūḍhacittā) - with an utterly bewildered mind, deeply deluded in mind

• वदनेन (vadanena) - by the face, with the face

• शुष्यता (śuṣyatā) - with a withered (face) (drying, withering)

• ददाति (dadāti) - gives, bestows

• कस्मै (kasmai) - to whom, to someone

• चित् (cit) - used with 'ka' to form 'someone' (an indefinite particle)

• अनर्हते (anarhate) - to one who is undeserving

• तनुम् (tanum) - body, self

• वराज्यपूर्णाम् (varājyapūrṇām) - full of excellent ghee

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• भस्मनि (bhasmani) - in ashes, into ashes

• स्रुचम् (srucam) - a ladle, an offering spoon

Words meanings and morphology

पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

निर्भर्त्सनदण्डमोहिता (nirbhartsanadaṇḍamohitā) - bewildered by threat of rebuke and punishment

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nirbhartsanadaṇḍamohita

nirbhartsanadaṇḍamohita - bewildered by threat of rebuke and punishment

Compound formed from 'nirbhartsana' (rebuke), 'daṇḍa' (punishment), and 'mohita' (bewildered).

Compound type : tatpurusha (nirbhartsana+daṇḍa+mohita)

• nirbhartsana – rebuke, threat, intimidation
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  Derived from the root √bharts (to rebuke, threaten) with prefix 'nir'.
  Prefix: nir
  Root: √bharts (class 10)
• daṇḍa – stick, rod, punishment, penalty
  noun (masculine)
• mohita – bewildered, deluded, infatuated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root √muh (to be bewildered, confused) in the causative form.
  Root: √muh (class 4)

Note: Refers to the female subject.

प्रमूढचित्ता (pramūḍhacittā) - with an utterly bewildered mind, deeply deluded in mind

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pramūḍhacitta

pramūḍhacitta - with an utterly bewildered mind, deeply deluded in mind

Compound formed from 'pramūḍha' (utterly bewildered) and 'citta' (mind).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (pramūḍha+citta)

• pramūḍha – utterly bewildered, completely deluded
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root √muh (to be bewildered, confused) with prefix 'pra' for intensification.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: √muh (class 4)
• citta – mind, thought, consciousness
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the female subject.

वदनेन (vadanena) - by the face, with the face

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vadana

vadana - face, mouth

Derived from the root √vad (to speak).

Root: √vad (class 1)

शुष्यता (śuṣyatā) - with a withered (face) (drying, withering)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śuṣyat

śuṣyat - drying, withering, wasting away

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root √śuṣ (to dry, wither).

Root: √śuṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'vadanena'.

ददाति (dadāti) - gives, bestows

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of √dā

Present Tense, Active Voice

Root: √dā (class 3)

कस्मै (kasmai) - to whom, to someone

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of ka

ka - who, what, which

चित् (cit) - used with 'ka' to form 'someone' (an indefinite particle)

(indeclinable)

अनर्हते (anarhate) - to one who is undeserving

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of anarhat

anarhat - undeserving, unworthy

Present Active Participle (negated)

Formed by prefixing 'an-' (not) to 'arhat' (deserving), which is the present participle of √arh (to deserve).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+arhat)

• na – not, non-
  indeclinable
• arhat – deserving, worthy
  participle (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Derived from the root √arh (to deserve).
  Root: √arh (class 1)

तनुम् (tanum) - body, self

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tanu

tanu - body, person, self; thin, slender

वराज्यपूर्णाम् (varājyapūrṇām) - full of excellent ghee

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of varājyapūrṇa

varājyapūrṇa - full of excellent ghee

Compound formed from 'vara' (excellent), 'ājya' (ghee), and 'pūrṇa' (full).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vara+ājya+pūrṇa)

• vara – best, excellent; boon, wish
  adjective (masculine)
• ājya – clarified butter, ghee
  noun (neuter)
• pūrṇa – full, complete, fulfilled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root √pṛ (to fill).
  Root: √pṛ (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'srucam'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

भस्मनि (bhasmani) - in ashes, into ashes

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bhasman

bhasman - ashes, cinders

स्रुचम् (srucam) - a ladle, an offering spoon

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sruc

sruc - a ladle, a sacrificial spoon