महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-253, verse-19

पुरा तुषाग्नाविव हूयते हविः पुरा श्मशाने स्रगिवापविध्यते ।
पुरा च सोमोऽध्वरगोऽवलिह्यते शुना यथा विप्रजने प्रमोहिते ।
महत्यरण्ये मृगयां चरित्वा पुरा शृगालो नलिनीं विगाहते ॥१९॥

19. purā tuṣāgnāviva hūyate haviḥ; purā śmaśāne sragivāpavidhyate ,
purā ca somo'dhvarago'valihyate; śunā yathā viprajane pramohite ,
mahatyaraṇye mṛgayāṁ caritvā; purā śṛgālo nalinīṁ vigāhate.

19. purā tuṣāgnau iva hūyate haviḥ purā śmaśāne srak
iva apavidhyate purā ca somaḥ adhvaragaḥ
avalihyate śunā yathā viprajane pramohite mahati
araṇye mṛgayām caritvā purā śṛgālaḥ nalinīm vigāhate

19. Indeed, in the past, an offering (havis) was poured as if into a fire of husks; a garland was discarded as if in a cremation ground; and Soma (Soma), intended for sacrifice, was licked up by a dog, just as when the priestly community is bewildered. Similarly, in the past, a jackal would plunge into a lotus pond after hunting in a great forest.

Words meanings summery:

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously

• तुषाग्नौ (tuṣāgnau) - in a fire of husks

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• हूयते (hūyate) - is offered, is sacrificed

• हविः (haviḥ) - offering, oblation (havis)

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously

• श्मशाने (śmaśāne) - in a cremation ground

• स्रक् (srak) - garland, wreath

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अपविध्यते (apavidhyate) - is thrown away, is discarded

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously

• च (ca) - and, also

• सोमः (somaḥ) - Soma (juice, deity, offering)

• अध्वरगः (adhvaragaḥ) - belonging to a sacrifice, pertaining to a sacrifice

• अवलिह्यते (avalihyate) - is licked up

• शुना (śunā) - by a dog

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

• विप्रजने (viprajane) - when the priestly community (viprajana) is bewildered (among the priestly community, when the Brahmins)

• प्रमोहिते (pramohite) - bewildered, deluded

• महति (mahati) - great, large

• अरण्ये (araṇye) - in a forest, in a wilderness

• मृगयाम् (mṛgayām) - hunting, the chase

• चरित्वा (caritvā) - having hunted (having roamed, having practiced, having done)

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously

• शृगालः (śṛgālaḥ) - jackal

• नलिनीम् (nalinīm) - lotus pond

• विगाहते (vigāhate) - plunges into, enters, bathes in

Words meanings and morphology

पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously

(indeclinable)

तुषाग्नौ (tuṣāgnau) - in a fire of husks

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tuṣāgni

tuṣāgni - fire of husks or chaff

Compound of 'tuṣa' (husk) and 'agni' (fire).

Compound type : tatpurusha (tuṣa+agni)

• tuṣa – husk, chaff
  noun (masculine)
• agni – fire
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

हूयते (hūyate) - is offered, is sacrificed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of √hu

Present Tense, Passive Voice

Root: √hu (class 3)

हविः (haviḥ) - offering, oblation (havis)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of havis

havis - offering, oblation, ghee for sacrifice

Derived from the root √hu (to offer).

Root: √hu (class 3)

पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously

(indeclinable)

श्मशाने (śmaśāne) - in a cremation ground

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śmaśāna

śmaśāna - cremation ground, cemetery

स्रक् (srak) - garland, wreath

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of srak

srak - garland, wreath, chaplet

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

अपविध्यते (apavidhyate) - is thrown away, is discarded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of √vidh

Present Tense, Passive Voice

Derived from the root √vyadh (to pierce, strike) with prefix 'apa'. Passive voice.

Prefix: apa

Root: √vyadh (class 4)

पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सोमः (somaḥ) - Soma (juice, deity, offering)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of soma

soma - Soma (a plant, its intoxicating juice, the moon, a deity)

अध्वरगः (adhvaragaḥ) - belonging to a sacrifice, pertaining to a sacrifice

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhvaraga

adhvaraga - relating to a sacrifice, connected with a sacrifice

Compound of 'adhvara' (sacrifice) and 'ga' (going, belonging).

Compound type : tatpurusha (adhvara+ga)

• adhvara – sacrifice, ritual, religious ceremony
  noun (masculine)
• ga – going, moving, belonging to, related to
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix derived from the root √gam (to go).
  Root: √gam (class 1)

अवलिह्यते (avalihyate) - is licked up

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of √lih

Present Tense, Passive Voice

Derived from the root √lih (to lick) with prefix 'ava'. Passive voice.

Prefix: ava

Root: √lih (class 2)

शुना (śunā) - by a dog

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śvan

śvan - dog

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

(indeclinable)

विप्रजने (viprajane) - when the priestly community (viprajana) is bewildered (among the priestly community, when the Brahmins)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of viprajana

viprajana - Brahmin community, priestly people

Compound of 'vipra' (Brahmin) and 'jana' (people/community).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vipra+jana)

• vipra – Brahmin, priest; inspired
  noun (masculine)
• jana – person, people, community, folk
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

प्रमोहिते (pramohite) - bewildered, deluded

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pramohita

pramohita - utterly bewildered, greatly deluded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √muh (to be bewildered, confused) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: √muh (class 4)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction, agreeing with 'viprajane'.

महति (mahati) - great, large

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, noble

Note: Agrees with 'araṇye'.

अरण्ये (araṇye) - in a forest, in a wilderness

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of araṇya

araṇya - forest, wilderness, jungle

मृगयाम् (mṛgayām) - hunting, the chase

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mṛgayā

mṛgayā - hunting, the chase, pursuit of game

Root: √mṛg (class 10)

चरित्वा (caritvā) - having hunted (having roamed, having practiced, having done)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (kvā-pratyaya)

Derived from the root √car (to move, wander, perform).

Root: √car (class 1)

पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously

(indeclinable)

शृगालः (śṛgālaḥ) - jackal

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śṛgāla

śṛgāla - jackal

नलिनीम् (nalinīm) - lotus pond

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nalinī

nalinī - lotus plant, lotus pond

विगाहते (vigāhate) - plunges into, enters, bathes in

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of √gāh

Present Tense, Middle Voice

Derived from the root √gāh (to plunge, enter) with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: √gāh (class 1)