महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-226, verse-16

यां श्रियं सुहृदश्चैव दुर्हृदश्च विशां पते ।
पश्यन्ति पुरुषे दीप्तां सा समर्था भवत्युत ॥१६॥

16. yāṁ śriyaṁ suhṛdaścaiva durhṛdaśca viśāṁ pate ,
paśyanti puruṣe dīptāṁ sā samarthā bhavatyuta.

16. yām śriyam suhṛdaḥ ca eva durhṛdaḥ ca viśām pate
paśyanti puruṣe dīptām sā samarthā bhavati uta

16. O Lord of the people, that splendor which both friends and enemies perceive shining in a man, that indeed becomes truly effective.

Words meanings summery:

• याम् (yām) - which (splendor) (which)

• श्रियम् (śriyam) - prosperity, glory, wealth, splendor (śrī)

• सुहृदः (suhṛdaḥ) - friends, well-wishers

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• दुर्हृदः (durhṛdaḥ) - enemies, ill-wishers

• च (ca) - and

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

• पते (pate) - O lord, O master, O protector

• पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - they see, they behold

• पुरुषे (puruṣe) - in a man, in a person (puruṣa)

• दीप्ताम् (dīptām) - shining (splendor) (shining, resplendent, brilliant)

• सा (sā) - that (splendor) (that)

• समर्था (samarthā) - effective, capable, powerful

• भवति (bhavati) - it becomes, it is

• उत (uta) - indeed, moreover, and, or

Words meanings and morphology

याम् (yām) - which (splendor) (which)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to 'śriyam'.

श्रियम् (śriyam) - prosperity, glory, wealth, splendor (śrī)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śrī

śrī - prosperity, wealth, glory, beauty, fortune, goddess Lakṣmī

Note: Object of 'paśyanti'.

सुहृदः (suhṛdaḥ) - friends, well-wishers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, well-wisher, good-hearted

Compound.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+hṛd)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• hṛd – heart, mind
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of 'paśyanti'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Emphasizes 'suhṛdaś ca'.

दुर्हृदः (durhṛdaḥ) - enemies, ill-wishers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of durhṛd

durhṛd - enemy, ill-wisher, evil-hearted

Compound.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dur+hṛd)

• dur – bad, ill, difficult
  indeclinable
• hṛd – heart, mind
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of 'paśyanti'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, community, subject, clan

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Part of the vocative compound 'viśāṃ pate'.

पते (pate) - O lord, O master, O protector

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, protector

Irregular noun, 'ī' stem.

Note: Vocative of 'pati'.

पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - they see, they behold

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present Active Indicative

Root dṛś takes the stem paśya in the present system.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Subjects are 'suhṛdaḥ' and 'durhṛdaḥ'.

पुरुषे (puruṣe) - in a man, in a person (puruṣa)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, male, person, human being; the Supreme Cosmic Person (puruṣa)

Note: The man in whom the splendor is seen.

दीप्ताम् (dīptām) - shining (splendor) (shining, resplendent, brilliant)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dīpta

dīpta - shining, blazing, brilliant, splendid

Past Passive Participle

From root dīp (to shine, blaze) + kta.

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'śriyam'.

सा (sā) - that (splendor) (that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers back to 'śriyam'.

समर्था (samarthā) - effective, capable, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of samartha

samartha - capable, able, competent, effective, suitable

Compound with upasarga sam and artha.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sam+artha)

• sam – together, with, completely
  indeclinable
• artha – purpose, object, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'sā'.

भवति (bhavati) - it becomes, it is

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present Active Indicative

Regular conjugation for root bhū.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'sā'.

उत (uta) - indeed, moreover, and, or

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/particle.

Note: Emphatic.