महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-191, verse-18

स मुहूर्तं ध्यात्वा बाष्पपूर्णनयन उद्विग्नहृदयो वेपमानो विसंज्ञकल्पः प्राञ्जलिरब्रवीत् ।
किमहमेनं न प्रत्यभिजानामि ।
अहं ह्यनेन सहस्रकृत्वः पूर्वमग्निचितिषूपहितपूर्वः ।
सरश्चेदमस्य दक्षिणादत्ताभिर्गोभिरतिक्रममाणाभिः कृतम् ।
अत्र चाहं प्रतिवसामीति ॥१८॥

18. sa muhūrtaṁ dhyātvā bāṣpapūrṇanayana udvignahṛdayo vepamāno visaṁjñakalpaḥ prāñjalirabravīt ,
kimahamenaṁ na pratyabhijānāmi ,
ahaṁ hyanena sahasrakṛtvaḥ pūrvamagnicitiṣūpahitapūrvaḥ ,
saraścedamasya dakṣiṇādattābhirgobhiratikramamāṇābhiḥ kṛtam ,
atra cāhaṁ prativasāmīti.

18. saḥ muhūrtam dhyātvā bāṣpapūrṇanayanaḥ udvignahṛdayaḥ vepamānaḥ visañjñakalpaḥ
prāñjaliḥ abravīt kim aham enam na pratyabhijānāmi aham hi anena
sahasrakṛtvaḥ pūrvam agnicitiṣu upahitapūrvaḥ saras ca idam asya
dakṣiṇādattābhiḥ gobhiḥ atikramamāṇābhiḥ kṛtam atra ca aham prativasāmi iti

18. He pondered for a moment, then, with eyes full of tears, a troubled heart, trembling, almost unconscious, and with folded hands, he said: 'How could I not recognize him? Indeed, I was placed by him thousands of times on the fire altars (yajñas) in the past. And this lake was formed by the cows, given by him as religious offerings (dakṣiṇā), as they passed by. And it is here that I reside.'

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he

• मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment

• ध्यात्वा (dhyātvā) - having meditated, having pondered

• बाष्पपूर्णनयनः (bāṣpapūrṇanayanaḥ) - having eyes full of tears

• उद्विग्नहृदयः (udvignahṛdayaḥ) - with a troubled heart

• वेपमानः (vepamānaḥ) - trembling

• विसञ्ज्ञकल्पः (visañjñakalpaḥ) - almost unconscious, bewildered

• प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said

• किम् (kim) - why, what (interrogative particle)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• एनम् (enam) - him, this one

• न (na) - not

• प्रत्यभिजानामि (pratyabhijānāmi) - I recognize

• अहम् (aham) - I

• हि (hi) - indeed, for

• अनेन (anena) - by him, by this

• सहस्रकृत्वः (sahasrakṛtvaḥ) - thousands of times

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, before

• अग्निचितिषु (agnicitiṣu) - in the fire altars

• उपहितपूर्वः (upahitapūrvaḥ) - placed in fire altars (having been placed before, previously placed)

• सरस् (saras) - lake

• च (ca) - and

• इदम् (idam) - this

• अस्य (asya) - of him, his

• दक्षिणादत्ताभिः (dakṣiṇādattābhiḥ) - by those given as religious offerings

• गोभिः (gobhiḥ) - by cows

• अतिक्रममाणाभिः (atikramamāṇābhiḥ) - by those passing by

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - made, done

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

• च (ca) - and

• अहम् (aham) - I

• प्रतिवसामि (prativasāmi) - I reside, I dwell

• इति (iti) - thus, so (marks direct speech)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - moment, instant, a period of time

ध्यात्वा (dhyātvā) - having meditated, having pondered

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

`dhyai` + `ktvā`

Root: dhyai (class 1)

बाष्पपूर्णनयनः (bāṣpapūrṇanayanaḥ) - having eyes full of tears

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bāṣpapūrṇanayana

bāṣpapūrṇanayana - with eyes full of tears

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (bāṣpa+pūrṇa+nayana)

• bāṣpa – tear, steam
  noun (masculine)
• pūrṇa – full, complete
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  `pṝ` + `kta`
  Root: pṝ (class 9)
• nayana – eye, leading
  noun (neuter)
  Root: nī (class 1)

उद्विग्नहृदयः (udvignahṛdayaḥ) - with a troubled heart

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udvignahṛdaya

udvignahṛdaya - with a troubled heart

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (udvigna+hṛdaya)

• udvigna – agitated, troubled
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  `ud` + `vij` + `kta`
  Prefix: ud
  Root: vij (class 6)
• hṛdaya – heart
  noun (neuter)

वेपमानः (vepamānaḥ) - trembling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vepamāna

vepamāna - trembling

Present Middle Participle

`vep` + `śānac`

Root: vep (class 1)

विसञ्ज्ञकल्पः (visañjñakalpaḥ) - almost unconscious, bewildered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of visañjñakalpa

visañjñakalpa - almost unconscious

`visañjña` + `kalpaṭ`

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (visañjña+kalpa)

• visañjña – unconscious, senseless
  adjective
  Prefix: vi
• kalpa – like, resembling, almost
  suffix/adjective

प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāñjali

prāñjali - with folded hands, respectful gesture

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of brū

Past Imperfect Active

`brū` + `īt`

Root: brū (class 2)

किम् (kim) - why, what (interrogative particle)

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

एनम् (enam) - him, this one

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of enad

enad - this, him, her, it

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

प्रत्यभिजानामि (pratyabhijānāmi) - I recognize

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of pratyabhijñā

Present Active

`prati` + `abhi` + `jñā` + `mi`

Prefixes: prati+abhi

Root: jñā (class 9)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

हि (hi) - indeed, for

(indeclinable)

अनेन (anena) - by him, by this

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

सहस्रकृत्वः (sahasrakṛtvaḥ) - thousands of times

(indeclinable)

`sahasra` + `kṛtvasuc`

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, before

(indeclinable)

अग्निचितिषु (agnicitiṣu) - in the fire altars

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of agniciti

agniciti - fire altar (for yajñas)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (agni+citi)

• agni – fire
  noun (masculine)
• citi – pile, altar
  noun (feminine)
  Root: ci (class 5)

उपहितपूर्वः (upahitapūrvaḥ) - placed in fire altars (having been placed before, previously placed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upahitapūrva

upahitapūrva - previously placed

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (upahita+pūrva)

• upahita – placed, deposited
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  `upa` + `dhā` + `kta`
  Prefix: upa
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• pūrva – former, prior
  adjective

सरस् (saras) - lake

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saras

saras - lake, pond

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

अस्य (asya) - of him, his

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

दक्षिणादत्ताभिः (dakṣiṇādattābhiḥ) - by those given as religious offerings

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of dakṣiṇādatta

dakṣiṇādatta - given as religious offering (dakṣiṇā)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (dakṣiṇā+datta)

• dakṣiṇā – religious offering, fee, gift (dakṣiṇā)
  noun (feminine)
• datta – given
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  `dā` + `kta`
  Root: dā (class 3)

गोभिः (gobhiḥ) - by cows

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, earth

अतिक्रममाणाभिः (atikramamāṇābhiḥ) - by those passing by

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of atikramamāṇa

atikramamāṇa - passing over, going beyond

Present Middle Participle

`ati` + `kram` + `śānac`

Prefix: ati

Root: kram (class 1)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - made, done

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - made, done

Past Passive Participle

`kṛ` + `kta`

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

प्रतिवसामि (prativasāmi) - I reside, I dwell

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of prativas

Present Active

`prati` + `vas` + `mi`

Prefix: prati

Root: vas (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, so (marks direct speech)

(indeclinable)