महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-16, verse-4

तत्रस्थोऽथ महीपालो योधयामास तां पुरीम् ।
अभिसारेण सर्वेण तत्र युद्धमवर्तत ॥४॥

4. tatrastho'tha mahīpālo yodhayāmāsa tāṁ purīm ,
abhisāreṇa sarveṇa tatra yuddhamavartata.

4. tatrasthaḥ atha mahīpālaḥ yodhayāmāsa tām
purīm abhisāreṇa sarveṇa tatra yuddham avartata

4. Then, the king (mahīpālaḥ) who was stationed there (tatrasthaḥ) began to attack (yodhayāmāsa) that city (purīm). A battle (yuddhaṃ) ensued there with a complete (sarveṇa) assault (abhisāreṇa).

Words meanings summery:

• तत्रस्थः (tatrasthaḥ) - the king who was stationed there (in his aerial city) (situated there, standing there)

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, moreover

• महीपालः (mahīpālaḥ) - King Śālva (king, ruler of the earth)

• योधयामास (yodhayāmāsa) - he attacked (fiercely) (he made to fight, he fought)

• ताम् (tām) - that (city) (that, her)

• पुरीम् (purīm) - the city of Dvārakā (city, town)

• अभिसारेण (abhisāreṇa) - with an attack, with an assault

• सर्वेण (sarveṇa) - with a complete/full (assault) (by all, with all, complete)

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

• अवर्तत (avartata) - it took place, it happened, it turned

Words meanings and morphology

तत्रस्थः (tatrasthaḥ) - the king who was stationed there (in his aerial city) (situated there, standing there)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tatrastha

tatrastha - situated there, standing there, present there

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (tatra+stha)

• tatra – there, in that place
  indeclinable
• stha – standing, staying, situated
  verbal derivative (suffix) (masculine)
  Agent suffix
  Derived from √sthā (to stand, stay).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, moreover

(indeclinable)

महीपालः (mahīpālaḥ) - King Śālva (king, ruler of the earth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahīpāla

mahīpāla - king, protector of the earth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pāla)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

योधयामास (yodhayāmāsa) - he attacked (fiercely) (he made to fight, he fought)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of yudh

Causative form (yodhaya) with the kṛ-auxiliary perfect construction.

Root: yudh (class 4)

ताम् (tām) - that (city) (that, her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

पुरीम् (purīm) - the city of Dvārakā (city, town)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town, fortress

अभिसारेण (abhisāreṇa) - with an attack, with an assault

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of abhisāra

abhisāra - attack, assault, advance, approach

Derived from verb √sṛ (to go) with prefix abhi-.

Prefix: abhi

Root: sṛ (class 1)

सर्वेण (sarveṇa) - with a complete/full (assault) (by all, with all, complete)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire, complete

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Derived from tad (that) with suffix -tra (place).

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb √yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

अवर्तत (avartata) - it took place, it happened, it turned

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of vṛt

Prefix: a

Root: vṛt (class 1)