महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-15, verse-22

एतत्कार्यं महाबाहो येनाहं नागमं तदा ।
श्रुत्वैव हास्तिनपुरं द्यूतं चाविनयोत्थितम् ॥२२॥

22. etatkāryaṁ mahābāho yenāhaṁ nāgamaṁ tadā ,
śrutvaiva hāstinapuraṁ dyūtaṁ cāvinayotthitam.

22. etat kāryam mahābāho yena aham na āgamam tadā
śrutvā eva hāstinapuram dyūtam ca avinayotthitam

22. O mighty-armed one, this was the task due to which I did not come then, even after hearing about Hāstinapura and the gambling that arose from impropriety.

22. זה העניין, הו אדיר הזרועות, שבגללו לא באתי אז, כשרק שמעתי על הָאסְטִינַפּוּרַה ועל ההימור שקם מחוסר משמעת.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - task, duty, action, work

• महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one

• येन (yena) - by which, because of which

• अहम् (aham) - I

• न (na) - not, no

• आगमम् (āgamam) - came, arrived

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, even

• हास्तिनपुरम् (hāstinapuram) - Hāstinapura (the city)

• द्यूतम् (dyūtam) - gambling, dice-play

• च (ca) - and, also

• अविनयोत्थितम् (avinayotthitam) - arisen from impropriety, stemming from disrespect

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

कार्यम् (kāryam) - task, duty, action, work

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, action, work, purpose

Gerundive

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do) with suffix '-ya'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, strong-armed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

येन (yena) - by which, because of which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Refers to 'kāryam'

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

आगमम् (āgamam) - came, arrived

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (aorist) (luṅ) of ā-gam

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'śru' (to hear) with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: śru (class 5)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, even

(indeclinable)

हास्तिनपुरम् (hāstinapuram) - Hāstinapura (the city)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hāstinapura

hāstinapura - Hāstinapura (the capital city of the Kauravas)

द्यूतम् (dyūtam) - gambling, dice-play

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dyūta

dyūta - gambling, dice-play

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अविनयोत्थितम् (avinayotthitam) - arisen from impropriety, stemming from disrespect

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avinayotthita

avinayotthita - arisen from impropriety, stemming from disrespect

Past Passive Participle

Compound of 'avinaya' (impropriety) and 'utthita' (arisen).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (avinaya+utthita)

• avinaya – impropriety, disrespect, ill-behavior
  noun (masculine)
• utthita – arisen, stood up, produced, originated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from prefix 'ut' + root 'sthā' (to stand).
  Prefix: ut
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'dyūtam'

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