महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-15, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
असांनिध्यं कथं कृष्ण तवासीद्वृष्णिनन्दन ।
क्व चासीद्विप्रवासस्ते किं वाकार्षीः प्रवासकः ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
asāṁnidhyaṁ kathaṁ kṛṣṇa tavāsīdvṛṣṇinandana ,
kva cāsīdvipravāsaste kiṁ vākārṣīḥ pravāsakaḥ.

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca asāṃnidhyaṃ kathaṃ kṛṣṇa tava āsīt
vṛṣṇinandan kva ca āsīt vipravāsaḥ te kiṃ vā akārṣīḥ pravāsakaḥ

1. Yudhishthira said: "How was your absence possible, O Krishna, O delight of the Vṛṣṇis? Where were you staying, and what did you do as a traveler?"

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

• उवाच (uvāca) - said

• असांनिध्यं (asāṁnidhyaṁ) - absence, non-presence

• कथं (kathaṁ) - how, in what manner

• कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - Krishna

• तव (tava) - your

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• वृष्णिनन्दन् (vṛṣṇinandan) - Krishna (O delight of the Vṛṣṇis)

• क्व (kva) - where

• च (ca) - and

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• विप्रवासः (vipravāsaḥ) - stay, dwelling, absence

• ते (te) - your

• किं (kiṁ) - what

• वा (vā) - or, and

• अकार्षीः (akārṣīḥ) - did you do, you performed

• प्रवासकः (pravāsakaḥ) - a traveler, one staying abroad

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira, steady in battle

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  indeclinable (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of uvāca

Perfect active

Perfect 3rd person singular active of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

असांनिध्यं (asāṁnidhyaṁ) - absence, non-presence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of asāṃnidhya

asāṁnidhya - absence, non-presence

Derived from saṃnidhi (presence) with 'a' negative prefix and suffix 'ya' to form abstract noun

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+saṃnidhya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• saṃnidhya – presence, proximity
  noun (neuter)
  From root dhā with prefixes sam and ni
  Prefixes: sam+ni
  Root: dhā (class 3)

कथं (kathaṁ) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - Krishna

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Krishna, dark

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect active

Imperfect 3rd person singular active of as

Root: as (class 2)

वृष्णिनन्दन् (vṛṣṇinandan) - Krishna (O delight of the Vṛṣṇis)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vṛṣṇinandana

vṛṣṇinandana - delight of the Vṛṣṇis (clan name), Krishna

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (vṛṣṇi+nandana)

• vṛṣṇi – name of an ancient clan
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – delight, son
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root nand
  Root: nand (class 1)

क्व (kva) - where

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect active

Imperfect 3rd person singular active of as

Root: as (class 2)

विप्रवासः (vipravāsaḥ) - stay, dwelling, absence

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipravāsa

vipravāsa - stay abroad, residence, absence

Derived from pra-vas with vi- prefix

Prefixes: vi+pra

Root: vas (class 1)

ते (te) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Variant of genitive singular or dative singular of yuṣmad

किं (kiṁ) - what

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, and

(indeclinable)

अकार्षीः (akārṣīḥ) - did you do, you performed

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of kṛ

Aorist active

Aorist 2nd person singular active of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्रवासकः (pravāsakaḥ) - a traveler, one staying abroad

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravāsaka

pravāsaka - traveler, sojourner, one who is abroad

Derived from pra-vas with agent suffix

Prefix: pra

Root: vas (class 1)