महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-15, verse-2

कृष्ण उवाच ।
शाल्वस्य नगरं सौभं गतोऽहं भरतर्षभ ।
विनिहन्तुं नरश्रेष्ठ तत्र मे शृणु कारणम् ॥२॥

2. kṛṣṇa uvāca ,
śālvasya nagaraṁ saubhaṁ gato'haṁ bharatarṣabha ,
vinihantuṁ naraśreṣṭha tatra me śṛṇu kāraṇam.

2. kṛṣṇaḥ uvāca śālvasya nagaraṃ saubhaṃ gataḥ aham
bharatarṣabha vinihantuṃ naraśreṣṭha tatra me śṛṇu kāraṇam

2. Krishna said: "O best of the Bharatas, O best among men, I went to Saubha, the city of Śālva, to destroy it. Hear from me the reason there."

Words meanings summery:

• कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Krishna

• उवाच (uvāca) - said

• शाल्वस्य (śālvasya) - of Śālva

• नगरं (nagaraṁ) - city

• सौभं (saubhaṁ) - Saubha (name of a city)

• गतः (gataḥ) - gone, went

• अहम् (aham) - I

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Addressing Yudhishthira (O best of the Bharatas)

• विनिहन्तुं (vinihantuṁ) - to destroy, to kill

• नरश्रेष्ठ (naraśreṣṭha) - Addressing Yudhishthira (O best among men)

• तत्र (tatra) - there, then

• मे (me) - from me (to me, from me, my)

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - hear

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - reason, cause

Words meanings and morphology

कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Krishna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Krishna, dark

उवाच (uvāca) - said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of uvāca

Perfect active

Perfect 3rd person singular active of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

शाल्वस्य (śālvasya) - of Śālva

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śālva

śālva - name of a king or a kingdom

नगरं (nagaraṁ) - city

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nagara

nagara - city, town

सौभं (saubhaṁ) - Saubha (name of a city)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saubha

saubha - name of an aerial city, relating to Subha

गतः (gataḥ) - gone, went

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, reached

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Addressing Yudhishthira (O best of the Bharatas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull among Bharatas, best of Bharatas

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – name of an ancient king, descendant of Bharata
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief
  noun (masculine)

विनिहन्तुं (vinihantuṁ) - to destroy, to kill

(verb)

infinitive (tumun) of vinihan

Infinitive

Infinitive of vi-ni-han

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: han (class 2)

नरश्रेष्ठ (naraśreṣṭha) - Addressing Yudhishthira (O best among men)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naraśreṣṭha

naraśreṣṭha - best of men

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (nara+śreṣṭha)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of praśasya (excellent)

तत्र (tatra) - there, then

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - from me (to me, from me, my)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Variant of genitive singular or dative singular of asmad

शृणु (śṛṇu) - hear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative active

Imperative 2nd person singular active of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - reason, cause

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument

Action noun from root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)