महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-15, verse-20

ततः प्रध्माप्य जलजं पाञ्चजन्यमहं नृप ।
आहूय शाल्वं समरे युद्धाय समवस्थितः ॥२०॥

20. tataḥ pradhmāpya jalajaṁ pāñcajanyamahaṁ nṛpa ,
āhūya śālvaṁ samare yuddhāya samavasthitaḥ.

20. tataḥ pradhmāpya jalajam pāñcajanyam aham nṛpa
āhūya śālvam samare yuddhāya samavasthitaḥ

20. Then, O King, I, having loudly blown my conch, the Pāñcajanya, and having summoned Salva, stood prepared for battle in the encounter.

20. אז תקעתי בקונכיית פָּאנְצ׳ַג׳ַנְיַה, הו מלך, וקראתי לשָׁאלְוַה לקרב, ועמדתי מוכן ללחום.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - Then (then, thereupon, from that)

• प्रध्माप्य (pradhmāpya) - having loudly blown (having blown loudly, having sounded, having caused to blow)

• जलजम् (jalajam) - the conch (shell) (born from water, a conch shell, a lotus)

• पाञ्चजन्यम् (pāñcajanyam) - the Pāñcajanya (conch) (Pāñcajanya (name of Krishna's conch))

• अहम् (aham) - I (Krishna) (I)

• नृप (nṛpa) - O King (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O King)

• आहूय (āhūya) - having summoned (having called, having summoned)

• शाल्वम् (śālvam) - Salva (Salva (proper noun))

• समरे (samare) - in the encounter (battle) (in battle, in war, in conflict)

• युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle (for battle, for fighting)

• समवस्थितः (samavasthitaḥ) - stood prepared (stood ready, prepared, situated, assembled)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - Then (then, thereupon, from that)

(indeclinable)

From 'tad' (that) + 'tas' (ablative suffix)

प्रध्माप्य (pradhmāpya) - having loudly blown (having blown loudly, having sounded, having caused to blow)

(indeclinable)

absolutive, causal

From 'pra' + root 'dhmā' (to blow) + causal suffix 'āp' + 'ya'

Prefix: pra

Root: dhmā (class 1)

Note: Governs 'jalajam'.

जलजम् (jalajam) - the conch (shell) (born from water, a conch shell, a lotus)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jalaja

jalaja - born from water, aquatic, lotus, conch shell, pearl

Formed from 'jala' (water) and 'ja' (born)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jala+ja)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  suffix
  From root 'jan' (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of 'pradhmāpya'.

पाञ्चजन्यम् (pāñcajanyam) - the Pāñcajanya (conch) (Pāñcajanya (name of Krishna's conch))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāñcajanya

pāñcajanya - Krishna's conch shell (named after the demon Pañcajana)

Named after the demon Pañcajana from whom Krishna acquired it.

अहम् (aham) - I (Krishna) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of 'samavasthitaḥ'.

नृप (nṛpa) - O King (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men

From 'nṛ' (man) + root 'pā' (to protect)

Root: pā (class 2)

आहूय (āhūya) - having summoned (having called, having summoned)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From 'ā' + root 'hvā' (to call) + suffix 'ya'

Prefix: ā

Root: hvā (class 1)

Note: Governs 'śālvam'.

शाल्वम् (śālvam) - Salva (Salva (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śālva

śālva - name of a king, king of Saubha

Note: Object of 'āhūya'.

समरे (samare) - in the encounter (battle) (in battle, in war, in conflict)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict, encounter

From 'sam' + root 'mṛ' (to die), or 'ra' (to move)

Prefix: sam

Root: mṛ (class 1)

Note: Location of standing.

युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle (for battle, for fighting)

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

From root 'yudh' (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Purpose of standing ready.

समवस्थितः (samavasthitaḥ) - stood prepared (stood ready, prepared, situated, assembled)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samavasthita

samavasthita - stood, situated, placed, prepared, ready

past passive participle

From 'sam' + 'ava' + root 'sthā' (to stand) + suffix 'kta'

Prefixes: sam+ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective.

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