महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-125, verse-1

लोमश उवाच ।
तं दृष्ट्वा घोरवदनं मदं देवः शतक्रतुः ।
आयान्तं भक्षयिष्यन्तं व्यात्ताननमिवान्तकम् ॥१॥

1. lomaśa uvāca ,
taṁ dṛṣṭvā ghoravadanaṁ madaṁ devaḥ śatakratuḥ ,
āyāntaṁ bhakṣayiṣyantaṁ vyāttānanamivāntakam.

1. lomaśa uvāca tam dṛṣṭvā ghoravadanam madam devaḥ
śatakratuḥ āyāntam bhakṣayiṣyantam vyāttānanam iva antakam

1. Lomasha said: When the god Shatakratu (Indra) saw Mada, who had a terrifying face, approaching as if the god of death (Antaka) with his mouth wide open, ready to devour, he (Indra)...

Words meanings summery:

• लोमश (lomaśa) - Lomasha (a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तम् (tam) - referring to Mada (him, that)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

• घोरवदनम् (ghoravadanam) - terrifying-faced, having a dreadful face

• मदम् (madam) - Mada (name of a deity/personification of intoxication/pride)

• देवः (devaḥ) - referring to Indra (god)

• शतक्रतुः (śatakratuḥ) - an epithet of Indra (having a hundred sacrifices)

• आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - coming, approaching

• भक्षयिष्यन्तम् (bhakṣayiṣyantam) - about to devour, intending to eat

• व्यात्ताननम् (vyāttānanam) - with a wide-open mouth

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• अन्तकम् (antakam) - refers to Yama, the god of death (the destroyer, the finisher)

Words meanings and morphology

लोमश (lomaśa) - Lomasha (a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lomaśa

lomaśa - Name of a sage

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active indicative

Irregular perfect form of root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

तम् (tam) - referring to Mada (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, it

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root dṛś + -tvā suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

घोरवदनम् (ghoravadanam) - terrifying-faced, having a dreadful face

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ghoravadana

ghoravadana - terrifying-faced, dreadful-faced

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ghora+vadana)

• ghora – dreadful, terrible, fearful
  adjective
• vadana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)
  Formed from root vad (to speak) + -ana suffix.
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'madam'.

मदम् (madam) - Mada (name of a deity/personification of intoxication/pride)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mada

mada - intoxication, pride, arrogance; name of a divine being

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

देवः (devaḥ) - referring to Indra (god)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Subject of the main clause (in next verse).

शतक्रतुः (śatakratuḥ) - an epithet of Indra (having a hundred sacrifices)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatakratu

śatakratu - Indra (lit. 'possessing a hundred sacrifices')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śata+kratu)

• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)
• kratu – sacrifice, rite; power, ability
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Appositive to 'devaḥ'.

आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - coming, approaching

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ā-yā

ā-yā - to come, approach

present active participle

Formed from root yā with upasarga ā-, present stem yā- + -at suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Participle agreeing with 'madam'.

भक्षयिष्यन्तम् (bhakṣayiṣyantam) - about to devour, intending to eat

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhakṣ

bhakṣ - to eat, devour

future active participle

Formed from desiderative stem bhakṣaya- or causative of bhuj + -iṣyat suffix.

Root: bhakṣ (class 10)

Note: Participle agreeing with 'madam'.

व्यात्ताननम् (vyāttānanam) - with a wide-open mouth

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyāttānana

vyāttānana - having a gaping mouth

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vyātta+ānana)

• vyātta – opened wide, gaping
  adjective
  past passive participle
  Formed from root yam with upasargas vi-ā-, + -ta suffix.
  Prefixes: vi+ā
  Root: yam (class 1)
• ānana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)
  From root an (to breathe) + -ana suffix, with prefix ā.
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'madam'.

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

अन्तकम् (antakam) - refers to Yama, the god of death (the destroyer, the finisher)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of antaka

antaka - the ender, the destroyer; god of death (Yama)

Formed from root ant (to end) + -aka suffix.

Root: ant (class 1)

Note: Object of comparison with 'madam'.