महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-119, verse-6

दुर्योधनश्चापि महीं प्रशास्ति न चास्य भूमिर्विवरं ददाति ।
धर्मादधर्मश्चरितो गरीयानितीव मन्येत नरोऽल्पबुद्धिः ॥६॥

6. duryodhanaścāpi mahīṁ praśāsti; na cāsya bhūmirvivaraṁ dadāti ,
dharmādadharmaścarito garīyā;nitīva manyeta naro'lpabuddhiḥ.

6. duryodhanaḥ ca api mahīm praśāsti
na ca asya bhūmiḥ vivaram dadāti
dharmāt adharmaḥ caritaḥ garīyān
iti iva manyeta naraḥ alpabuddhiḥ

6. Duryodhana also rules the earth, and yet the earth does not swallow him up. A person of small intellect might think that unrighteous conduct (adharma), when practiced, is superior to righteous conduct (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• महीम् (mahīm) - earth, land

• प्रशास्ति (praśāsti) - rules, governs

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and

• अस्य (asya) - to him, his

• भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - earth, ground

• विवरम् (vivaram) - chasm, hole, opening

• ददाति (dadāti) - gives

• धर्मात् (dharmāt) - from righteousness, from natural law, from intrinsic nature (dharma)

• अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness, unrighteous conduct (adharma)

• चरितः (caritaḥ) - practiced, performed, conducted

• गरीयान् (garīyān) - greater, heavier, more important, superior

• इति (iti) - thus, in this way

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

• मन्येत (manyeta) - might think, would think, should consider

• नरः (naraḥ) - man, person

• अल्पबुद्धिः (alpabuddhiḥ) - small-minded, of small intellect, foolish

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of a Kuru prince)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

महीम् (mahīm) - earth, land

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, land

प्रशास्ति (praśāsti) - rules, governs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of praśās

Prefix: pra

Root: śās (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - to him, his

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, him

भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - earth, ground

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

विवरम् (vivaram) - chasm, hole, opening

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vivara

vivara - chasm, hole, opening

ददाति (dadāti) - gives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of dā

Root: dā (class 3)

धर्मात् (dharmāt) - from righteousness, from natural law, from intrinsic nature (dharma)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, virtue

Root: dhṛ

अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness, unrighteous conduct (adharma)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, wickedness, vice, wrong conduct

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• dharma – righteousness, duty, natural law
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ

चरितः (caritaḥ) - practiced, performed, conducted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of carita

carita - practiced, performed, done, conducted

Past Passive Participle

From root car + kta (suffix for PPP)

Root: car (class 1)

गरीयान् (garīyān) - greater, heavier, more important, superior

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of garīyas

garīyas - greater, heavier, more important (comparative of guru)

Comparative form from guru

इति (iti) - thus, in this way

(indeclinable)

इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

(indeclinable)

मन्येत (manyeta) - might think, would think, should consider

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of man

Root: man (class 4)

नरः (naraḥ) - man, person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

अल्पबुद्धिः (alpabuddhiḥ) - small-minded, of small intellect, foolish

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of alpabuddhi

alpabuddhi - small-minded, of small intellect

Compound type : bahuvrihi (alpa+buddhi)

• alpa – small, little, few
  adjective
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, mind
  noun (feminine)
  Root: budh