महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-119, verse-17

प्राच्यां नृपानेकरथेन जित्वा वृकोदरः सानुचरान्रणेषु ।
स्वस्त्यागमद्योऽतिरथस्तरस्वी सोऽयं वने क्लिश्यति चीरवासाः ॥१७॥

17. prācyāṁ nṛpānekarathena jitvā; vṛkodaraḥ sānucarānraṇeṣu ,
svastyāgamadyo'tirathastarasvī; so'yaṁ vane kliśyati cīravāsāḥ.

17. prācyām nṛpān ekarathena jitvā
vṛkodaraḥ sānucarān raṇeṣu svasti
āgamat yaḥ atirathaḥ tarasvī
saḥ ayam vane kliśyati cīravāsāḥ

17. This powerful and great warrior (atiratha), Vṛkodara (Bhīma), who, having conquered kings along with their followers in battles throughout the East with just a single chariot, then returned safely – this very man now suffers in the forest, clad in bark garments.

Words meanings summery:

• प्राच्याम् (prācyām) - in the East, eastern direction

• नृपान् (nṛpān) - kings

• एकरथेन (ekarathena) - with a single chariot

• जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered

• वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Vṛkodara (Bhīma)

• सानुचरान् (sānucarān) - along with their followers

• रणेषु (raṇeṣu) - in battles

• स्वस्ति (svasti) - safely, well-being

• आगमत् (āgamat) - returned, came back

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• अतिरथः (atirathaḥ) - a great warrior, maharatha

• तरस्वी (tarasvī) - powerful, mighty, energetic

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• वने (vane) - in the forest

• क्लिश्यति (kliśyati) - suffers, endures hardship, becomes distressed

• चीरवासाः (cīravāsāḥ) - clad in bark garments

Words meanings and morphology

प्राच्याम् (prācyām) - in the East, eastern direction

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of prācyā

prācyā - the eastern direction, eastern quarter

नृपान् (nṛpān) - kings

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler (lit. protector of men)

एकरथेन (ekarathena) - with a single chariot

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ekaratha

ekaratha - having a single chariot, a lone charioteer

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+ratha)

• eka – one, single, alone
  numeral
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)

जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Derived from root 'ji' (to conquer, win) with suffix '-ktvā'

Root: ji (class 1)

वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Vṛkodara (Bhīma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛkodara

vṛkodara - Vṛkodara (a name for Bhīma, lit. 'wolf-bellied' due to his great hunger)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vṛka+udara)

• vṛka – wolf
  noun (masculine)
• udara – belly, stomach
  noun (neuter)

सानुचरान् (sānucarān) - along with their followers

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sānucara

sānucara - accompanied by attendants, with followers

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+anucara)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• anucara – follower, attendant, servant
  noun (masculine)

रणेषु (raṇeṣu) - in battles

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, fight, war

स्वस्ति (svasti) - safely, well-being

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here adverbially.

आगमत् (āgamat) - returned, came back

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of gam

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

अतिरथः (atirathaḥ) - a great warrior, maharatha

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atiratha

atiratha - a great warrior, one who fights from a chariot; chief of warriors, maharatha

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ati+ratha)

• ati – over, beyond, exceeding, great
  indeclinable
• ratha – chariot, fighter from a chariot
  noun (masculine)

तरस्वी (tarasvī) - powerful, mighty, energetic

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tarasvin

tarasvin - swift, quick, energetic, powerful, brave

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

क्लिश्यति (kliśyati) - suffers, endures hardship, becomes distressed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kliś

Root: kliś (class 4)

चीरवासाः (cīravāsāḥ) - clad in bark garments

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cīravāsa

cīravāsa - wearing bark garments, clad in rags

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (cīra+vāsas)

• cīra – strip of bark, garment of bark, rags
  noun (masculine)
• vāsas – garment, clothing
  noun (neuter)