महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-119, verse-19

यः पार्थिवानेकरथेन वीरो दिशं प्रतीचीं प्रति युद्धशौण्डः ।
सोऽयं वने मूलफलेन जीवञ्जटी चरत्यद्य मलाचिताङ्गः ॥१९॥

19. yaḥ pārthivānekarathena vīro; diśaṁ pratīcīṁ prati yuddhaśauṇḍaḥ ,
so'yaṁ vane mūlaphalena jīva;ñjaṭī caratyadya malācitāṅgaḥ.

19. yaḥ pārthivān ekarathena vīraḥ
diśam pratīcīm prati yuddhaśauṇḍaḥ
saḥ ayam vane mūlaphalena
jīvan jaṭī carati adya malācitāṅgaḥ

19. He, this hero who, with a single chariot, was skilled in war and conquered kings towards the western direction, now today lives in the forest on roots and fruits, wandering with matted hair and a body covered in dirt.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• पार्थिवान् (pārthivān) - kings, earthly rulers

• एकरथेन (ekarathena) - with a single chariot

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, brave man

• दिशम् (diśam) - direction, quarter

• प्रतीचीम् (pratīcīm) - western

• प्रति (prati) - towards, against

• युद्धशौण्डः (yuddhaśauṇḍaḥ) - skilled in war, brave in battle

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अयम् (ayam) - this, he

• वने (vane) - in the forest

• मूलफलेन (mūlaphalena) - with roots and fruits

• जीवन् (jīvan) - living, subsisting

• जटी (jaṭī) - having matted hair

• चरति (carati) - wanders, roams, moves

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• मलाचिताङ्गः (malācitāṅgaḥ) - whose body is covered with dirt

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

पार्थिवान् (pārthivān) - kings, earthly rulers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, terrestrial; a king, ruler

Derived from pṛthivī (earth)

एकरथेन (ekarathena) - with a single chariot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ekaratha

ekaratha - a single chariot; one who has a single chariot

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+ratha)

• eka – one, single
  numeral (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, brave man

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, valiant

दिशम् (diśam) - direction, quarter

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky, region

प्रतीचीम् (pratīcīm) - western

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pratīcī

pratīcī - western (feminine form of pratīc)

Derived from prati + añc (to go towards)

Root: añc (class 1)

प्रति (prati) - towards, against

(indeclinable)

युद्धशौण्डः (yuddhaśauṇḍaḥ) - skilled in war, brave in battle

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuddhaśauṇḍa

yuddhaśauṇḍa - skilled in battle, brave in war

Compound type : saptamī-tatpurusha (yuddha+śauṇḍa)

• yuddha – battle, war, fight
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yudh (to fight)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• śauṇḍa – addicted to, fond of, skilled in
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अयम् (ayam) - this, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

मूलफलेन (mūlaphalena) - with roots and fruits

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mūlaphala

mūlaphala - roots and fruits

Compound type : dvandva (mūla+phala)

• mūla – root, origin
  noun (neuter)
• phala – fruit, result
  noun (neuter)

जीवन् (jīvan) - living, subsisting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jīvat

jīvat - living, alive, existing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root jīv (to live)

Root: jīv (class 1)

जटी (jaṭī) - having matted hair

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaṭin

jaṭin - having matted hair, an ascetic

Derived from jaṭā (matted hair) with the possessive suffix -in

चरति (carati) - wanders, roams, moves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of car

Root: car (class 1)

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

मलाचिताङ्गः (malācitāṅgaḥ) - whose body is covered with dirt

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of malācitāṅga

malācitāṅga - whose body is covered with dirt or impurities

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mala+ācita+aṅga)

• mala – dirt, impurity, stain
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• ācita – covered, filled, piled up
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root ci (to gather, heap) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ci (class 5)
• aṅga – limb, body, part
  noun (neuter)