महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-100, verse-5

एवं रात्रौ स्म कुर्वन्ति विविशुश्चार्णवं दिवा ।
भरद्वाजाश्रमे चैव नियता ब्रह्मचारिणः ।
वाय्वाहाराम्बुभक्षाश्च विंशतिः संनिपातिताः ॥५॥

5. evaṁ rātrau sma kurvanti viviśuścārṇavaṁ divā ,
bharadvājāśrame caiva niyatā brahmacāriṇaḥ ,
vāyvāhārāmbubhakṣāśca viṁśatiḥ saṁnipātitāḥ.

5. evam rātrau sma kurvanti viviśuḥ ca
arṇavam divā bharadvāja-āśrame ca eva
niyatāḥ brahmacāriṇaḥ vāyu-āhāra-ambu-bhakṣāḥ
ca viṃśatiḥ saṃnipātitāḥ

5. Thus they acted at night, and by day they would enter the ocean. Also, in Bharadvaja's hermitage (āśrama), twenty restrained celibates (brahmacārin) who subsisted only on air and water were killed.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night

• स्म (sma) - indeed, verily; marker for past tense

• कुर्वन्ति (kurvanti) - they used to do (they do, they make)

• विविशुः (viviśuḥ) - they entered

• च (ca) - and

• अर्णवम् (arṇavam) - ocean, sea

• दिवा (divā) - by day, during the day

• भरद्वाज-आश्रमे (bharadvāja-āśrame) - in Bharadvaja's hermitage (āśrama)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - even, indeed, just, only

• नियताः (niyatāḥ) - restrained, controlled, disciplined

• ब्रह्मचारिणः (brahmacāriṇaḥ) - celibates, students of sacred knowledge (brahmacārin)

• वायु-आहार-अम्बु-भक्षाः (vāyu-āhāra-ambu-bhakṣāḥ) - those who subsist on air and water

• च (ca) - and

• विंशतिः (viṁśatiḥ) - twenty

• संनिपातिताः (saṁnipātitāḥ) - were killed (killed, struck down, thrown together)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

स्म (sma) - indeed, verily; marker for past tense

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with kurvanti to indicate past habitual action.

कुर्वन्ति (kurvanti) - they used to do (they do, they make)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of kṛ

Present Active Indicative

3rd person plural present active indicative of root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

विविशुः (viviśuḥ) - they entered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of viś

Perfect Active Indicative

3rd person plural perfect active indicative of root viś

Root: viś (class 6)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अर्णवम् (arṇavam) - ocean, sea

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arṇava

arṇava - ocean, sea, flood

दिवा (divā) - by day, during the day

(indeclinable)

भरद्वाज-आश्रमे (bharadvāja-āśrame) - in Bharadvaja's hermitage (āśrama)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of bharadvāja-āśrama

bharadvāja-āśrama - Bharadvaja's hermitage (āśrama)

Compound type : tatpurusha (bharadvāja+āśrama)

• bharadvāja – Bharadvaja (name of a Vedic sage)
  proper noun (masculine)
• āśrama – hermitage, monastery, a stage of religious life (āśrama)
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - even, indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

नियताः (niyatāḥ) - restrained, controlled, disciplined

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niyata

niyata - restrained, disciplined, controlled; fixed, appointed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yam (to restrain) with upasarga ni

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with brahmacāriṇaḥ

ब्रह्मचारिणः (brahmacāriṇaḥ) - celibates, students of sacred knowledge (brahmacārin)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brahmacārin

brahmacārin - a religious student, one who observes celibacy (brahmacarya); one who moves in brahman

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+cārin)

• brahman – sacred knowledge, the Absolute (brahman)
  noun (neuter)
• cārin – moving, performing, practicing
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root car (to move)
  Root: car (class 1)

वायु-आहार-अम्बु-भक्षाः (vāyu-āhāra-ambu-bhakṣāḥ) - those who subsist on air and water

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vāyu-āhāra-ambu-bhakṣa

vāyu-āhāra-ambu-bhakṣa - subsisting on air and water as food

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vāyu+āhāra+ambu+bhakṣa)

• vāyu – air, wind, god of wind
  noun (masculine)
• āhāra – food, eating, taking
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root hṛ (to seize, take) with upasarga ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)
• ambu – water
  noun (neuter)
• bhakṣa – eating, food, that which is eaten
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root bhakṣ (to eat)
  Root: bhakṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with brahmacāriṇaḥ

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विंशतिः (viṁśatiḥ) - twenty

(numeral)

Note: Used as a noun, takes singular feminine forms but denotes a plural quantity.

संनिपातिताः (saṁnipātitāḥ) - were killed (killed, struck down, thrown together)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃnipātita

saṁnipātita - killed, caused to fall, struck down, brought together

Past Passive Participle (causative)

Derived from root pat (to fall) with upasargas saṃ and ni, in causative form (-pātita)

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with brahmacāriṇaḥ (implied subject).