महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-100, verse-16

जगत्युपशमं याते नष्टयज्ञोत्सवक्रिये ।
आजग्मुः परमामार्तिं त्रिदशा मनुजेश्वर ॥१६॥

16. jagatyupaśamaṁ yāte naṣṭayajñotsavakriye ,
ājagmuḥ paramāmārtiṁ tridaśā manujeśvara.

16. jagati upaśamaṃ yāte naṣṭayajñotsavakriye
ājagmuḥ paramāṃ ārtiṃ tridaśā manujeśvara

16. O lord of men, when the world had attained a state of tranquility and its rituals for Vedic rituals (yajña) and festivals had ceased, the gods experienced great distress.

16. כשהעולם שקט, והטקסים והחגיגות חדלו, הו אדון בני האדם, האלים נקלעו לצער גדול.

Words meanings summery:

• जगति (jagati) - in the world (in the world, regarding the world)

• उपशमं (upaśamaṁ) - a state of tranquility (cessation, tranquility, pacification)

• याते (yāte) - when it had attained (having gone, having attained, when it has gone)

• नष्टयज्ञोत्सवक्रिये (naṣṭayajñotsavakriye) - with its rituals for sacrifices (yajña) and festivals ceased (whose sacrificial and festival rites were destroyed/ceased)

• आजग्मुः (ājagmuḥ) - they experienced (they attained, they reached)

• परमां (paramāṁ) - great (supreme, greatest, highest)

• आर्तिं (ārtiṁ) - distress (distress, suffering, pain, trouble)

• त्रिदशा (tridaśā) - the gods (the gods (literally 'thirty'))

• मनुजेश्वर (manujeśvara) - O lord of men (O lord of men, O king)

Words meanings and morphology

जगति (jagati) - in the world (in the world, regarding the world)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe

Present Participle of gam, used as a noun

Root: gam (class 1)

उपशमं (upaśamaṁ) - a state of tranquility (cessation, tranquility, pacification)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upaśama

upaśama - cessation, tranquility

From upa-śam (to be quiet)

Prefix: upa

Root: śam (class 4)

याते (yāte) - when it had attained (having gone, having attained, when it has gone)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of yāta

yāta - gone, attained

Past Passive Participle

From yā (to go), used in locative absolute

Root: yā (class 2)

नष्टयज्ञोत्सवक्रिये (naṣṭayajñotsavakriye) - with its rituals for sacrifices (yajña) and festivals ceased (whose sacrificial and festival rites were destroyed/ceased)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of naṣṭayajñotsavakriya

naṣṭayajñotsavakriya - having destroyed sacrificial and festival rites

Compound type : karmadhāraya (naṣṭa+yajña+utsava+kriya)

• naṣṭa – destroyed, lost
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From naś (to be lost, perish)
  Root: naś (class 4)
• yajña – sacrifice, ritual (yajña)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: yaj (class 1)
• utsava – festival, celebration
  noun (masculine)
  From ut-su (to sprout, to rejoice)
  Prefix: ut
  Root: su (class 5)
• kriya – action, rite, ritual
  noun (feminine)
  From kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

आजग्मुः (ājagmuḥ) - they experienced (they attained, they reached)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of ā-gam

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd plural

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

परमां (paramāṁ) - great (supreme, greatest, highest)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of parama

parama - highest, supreme, best

आर्तिं (ārtiṁ) - distress (distress, suffering, pain, trouble)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ārti

ārti - distress, suffering, pain

From ṛ (to go, to move, to suffer)

Root: ṛ (class 3)

त्रिदशा (tridaśā) - the gods (the gods (literally 'thirty'))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tridaśa

tridaśa - gods (literally 'thirty')

मनुजेश्वर (manujeśvara) - O lord of men (O lord of men, O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of manujeśvara

manujeśvara - lord of men, king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (manuja+īśvara)

• manuja – human being, man
  noun (masculine)
  From manu-jan (born from Manu)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• īśvara – lord, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From īś (to rule)
  Root: īś (class 2)

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