महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-3, chapter-100, verse-11
निःस्वाध्यायवषट्कारं नष्टयज्ञोत्सवक्रियम् ।
जगदासीन्निरुत्साहं कालेयभयपीडितम् ॥११॥
जगदासीन्निरुत्साहं कालेयभयपीडितम् ॥११॥
11. niḥsvādhyāyavaṣaṭkāraṁ naṣṭayajñotsavakriyam ,
jagadāsīnnirutsāhaṁ kāleyabhayapīḍitam.
jagadāsīnnirutsāhaṁ kāleyabhayapīḍitam.
11.
niḥsvādhyāyavaṣaṭkāram naṣṭayajñotsavakriyam
jagat āsīt nirutsāham kāleyabhayapīḍitam
jagat āsīt nirutsāham kāleyabhayapīḍitam
11.
The world became devoid of personal study (svādhyāya) and ritual oblations, with its sacrificial (yajña) and festive activities diminished. Afflicted by fear of the Kāleyas (demons), it became dispirited.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- निःस्वाध्यायवषट्कारम् (niḥsvādhyāyavaṣaṭkāram) - without self-study and ritual oblations
- नष्टयज्ञोत्सवक्रियम् (naṣṭayajñotsavakriyam) - having lost ritual and festive activities
- जगत् (jagat) - the world, the universe
- आसीत् (āsīt) - was, became
- निरुत्साहम् (nirutsāham) - dispirited, without enthusiasm
- कालेयभयपीडितम् (kāleyabhayapīḍitam) - afflicted by fear of the Kāleyas
Words meanings and morphology
निःस्वाध्यायवषट्कारम् (niḥsvādhyāyavaṣaṭkāram) - without self-study and ritual oblations
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of niḥsvādhyāyavaṣaṭkāra
niḥsvādhyāyavaṣaṭkāra - without self-study (svādhyāya) and the sacred exclamation 'vaṣaṭ' used in oblations
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+svādhyāya+vaṣaṭkāra)
- nis – without, lacking
indeclinable - svādhyāya – self-study, recitation of sacred texts
noun (masculine)
Prefixes: sva+adhi
Root: ī (class 2) - vaṣaṭkāra – the exclamation 'vaṣaṭ' uttered at a ritual offering; the offering itself
noun (masculine)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Adjective modifying jagat.
नष्टयज्ञोत्सवक्रियम् (naṣṭayajñotsavakriyam) - having lost ritual and festive activities
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of naṣṭayajñotsavakriya
naṣṭayajñotsavakriya - having lost sacrificial (yajña) and festive activities
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (naṣṭa+yajña+utsava+kriyā)
- naṣṭa – lost, destroyed, ruined
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
from verb root naś (to perish, be lost)
Root: naś (class 4) - yajña – sacrifice, ritual, worship
noun (masculine)
Root: yaj (class 1) - utsava – festival, celebration, joy
noun (masculine)
Prefix: ut
Root: sū (class 2) - kriyā – action, activity, rite, ritual
noun (feminine)
from root kṛ (to do)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Adjective modifying jagat.
जगत् (jagat) - the world, the universe
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat
jagat - the world, moving, living beings
Present Active Participle
from root gam (to go)
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Subject of the sentence.
आसीत् (āsīt) - was, became
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as
Root: as (class 2)
निरुत्साहम् (nirutsāham) - dispirited, without enthusiasm
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of nirutsāha
nirutsāha - without enthusiasm, dispirited, listless
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+utsāha)
- nis – without, lacking
indeclinable - utsāha – enthusiasm, energy, zeal
noun (masculine)
Prefix: ut
Root: sah (class 1)
Note: Adjective modifying jagat.
कालेयभयपीडितम् (kāleyabhayapīḍitam) - afflicted by fear of the Kāleyas
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of kāleyabhayapīḍita
kāleyabhayapīḍita - distressed/afflicted by the fear of the Kāleyas (demons)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāleya+bhaya+pīḍita)
- kāleya – a class of powerful demons (asuras)
proper noun (masculine) - bhaya – fear, dread
noun (neuter)
Root: bhī (class 3) - pīḍita – afflicted, tormented, oppressed
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
from root pīḍ (to oppress, torment)
Root: pīḍ (class 10)
Note: Adjective modifying jagat.