महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-51, verse-16

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवमुक्त्वा धृतराष्ट्रो मनीषी दैवं मत्वा परमं दुस्तरं च ।
शशासोच्चैः पुरुषान्पुत्रवाक्ये स्थितो राजा दैवसंमूढचेताः ॥१६॥

16. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evamuktvā dhṛtarāṣṭro manīṣī; daivaṁ matvā paramaṁ dustaraṁ ca ,
śaśāsoccaiḥ puruṣānputravākye; sthito rājā daivasaṁmūḍhacetāḥ.

16. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca evam uktvā dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ
manīṣī daivam matvā paramam
dustaram ca śaśāsa uccaiḥ puruṣān
putravākye sthitaḥ rājā daivasaṃmūḍhacetāḥ

16. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: "Having spoken thus, King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the thoughtful one, considering destiny (daiva) to be supreme and insurmountable, became bewildered in mind by that very destiny (daiva). Yet, abiding by his son's request, he loudly commanded his men (to act)."

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a sage and narrator)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra

• मनीषी (manīṣī) - the thoughtful one, wise

• दैवम् (daivam) - destiny, fate (daiva)

• मत्वा (matvā) - having considered, having thought

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, greatest, highest

• दुस्तरम् (dustaram) - difficult to overcome/cross, insurmountable

• च (ca) - and

• शशास (śaśāsa) - he commanded, he ruled

• उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - loudly, aloud, high

• पुरुषान् (puruṣān) - men, attendants

• पुत्रवाक्ये (putravākye) - regarding his son's words/request

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - standing, remaining, abiding, firm

• राजा (rājā) - king

• दैवसंमूढचेताः (daivasaṁmūḍhacetāḥ) - whose mind was bewildered by fate (daiva)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a sage and narrator)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampaayana (a celebrated ancient teacher, pupil of Vyāsa)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, Active voice

Third person singular perfect active form of root vac (class 2)

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Gerund (absolutive) of root vac (class 2)

Root: vac (class 2)

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (proper name, 'he who holds the kingdom')

मनीषी (manīṣī) - the thoughtful one, wise

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manīṣin

manīṣin - wise, intelligent, thoughtful, sagacious

Derived from manīṣā (intellect, wisdom)

दैवम् (daivam) - destiny, fate (daiva)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - divine, celestial, relating to gods; destiny, fate, providence

Derived from deva (god)

मत्वा (matvā) - having considered, having thought

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Gerund (absolutive) of root man (class 4) 'to think, believe'

Root: man (class 4)

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, greatest, highest

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - highest, most excellent, supreme, chief

दुस्तरम् (dustaram) - difficult to overcome/cross, insurmountable

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dustara

dustara - difficult to cross, impassable, insurmountable, difficult to overcome

Compound of dus- (bad, difficult) + tara (crossing)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dus+tara)

• dus – bad, ill, difficult
  indeclinable
• tara – crossing, passing over (suffix or noun)
  noun (masculine)
  From root tṛ 'to cross'
  Root: tṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

शशास (śaśāsa) - he commanded, he ruled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of śās

Perfect tense, Active voice

Third person singular perfect active form of root śās (class 2)

Root: śās (class 2)

उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - loudly, aloud, high

(indeclinable)

पुरुषान् (puruṣān) - men, attendants

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, human being, person, male

पुत्रवाक्ये (putravākye) - regarding his son's words/request

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of putravākya

putravākya - son's word/speech

Compound type : tatpurusha (putra+vākya)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• vākya – word, speech, statement
  noun (neuter)

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - standing, remaining, abiding, firm

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - stood, situated, existing, firm, steady

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root sthā (class 1) 'to stand'

Root: sthā (class 1)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

दैवसंमूढचेताः (daivasaṁmūḍhacetāḥ) - whose mind was bewildered by fate (daiva)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daivasaṃmūḍhacetas

daivasaṁmūḍhacetas - whose mind is bewildered by fate/destiny

Bahuvrihi compound: daiva (by destiny) + saṃmūḍha (bewildered) + cetas (mind)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (daiva+saṃmūḍha+cetas)

• daiva – destiny, fate, divine power
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from deva (god)
• saṃmūḍha – bewildered, deluded, confused
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root muh (class 4) with prefix sam-
  Prefix: sam
  Root: muh (class 4)
• cetas – mind, intellect, consciousness
  noun (neuter)