महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-50, verse-18

असंतोषः श्रियो मूलं तस्मात्तं कामयाम्यहम् ।
समुच्छ्रये यो यतते स राजन्परमो नयी ॥१८॥

18. asaṁtoṣaḥ śriyo mūlaṁ tasmāttaṁ kāmayāmyaham ,
samucchraye yo yatate sa rājanparamo nayī.

18. asaṃtoṣaḥ śriyaḥ mūlam tasmāt tam kāmayāmi aham
samucchraye yaḥ yatate sa rājan paramaḥ nayī

18. Discontent is the root of prosperity, therefore I desire it. O king, he who strives for elevation is indeed the foremost leader.

Words meanings summery:

• असंतोषः (asaṁtoṣaḥ) - discontent, dissatisfaction, unpleasure

• श्रियः (śriyaḥ) - of prosperity, of fortune, of glory

• मूलम् (mūlam) - root, origin, foundation

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, for that reason, from that

• तम् (tam) - that, him, it

• कामयामि (kāmayāmi) - I desire, I wish for, I love

• अहम् (aham) - I

• समुच्छ्रये (samucchraye) - in elevation, in rising up, in prosperity

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• यतते (yatate) - strives, endeavors, attempts

• स (sa) - he, that

• राजन् (rājan) - O king!

• परमः (paramaḥ) - supreme, highest, utmost, excellent

• नयी (nayī) - foremost leader / strategist (leader, guide, one who leads in policy/conduct, strategist)

Words meanings and morphology

असंतोषः (asaṁtoṣaḥ) - discontent, dissatisfaction, unpleasure

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asaṃtoṣa

asaṁtoṣa - discontent, dissatisfaction

Negative of saṃtoṣa (contentment)

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+saṃtoṣa)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
• saṃtoṣa – contentment, satisfaction
  noun (masculine)
  From saṃ-√tuṣ (to be pleased, content)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tuṣ (class 4)

श्रियः (śriyaḥ) - of prosperity, of fortune, of glory

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of śrī

śrī - prosperity, wealth, fortune, glory, beauty, Lakshmi

मूलम् (mūlam) - root, origin, foundation

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mūla

mūla - root, base, foundation, origin, source

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, for that reason, from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used here as an indeclinable adverb meaning 'therefore'.

तम् (tam) - that, him, it

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'discontent' (asaṃtoṣa), which is masculine.

कामयामि (kāmayāmi) - I desire, I wish for, I love

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kāmay

Denominative verb from kāma (desire)

From the root kam with suffix -ya to form a denominative verb.

Root: kam (class 10)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

समुच्छ्रये (samucchraye) - in elevation, in rising up, in prosperity

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samucchraya

samucchraya - elevation, rising up, prosperity, culmination

From sam-ud-√śrī (to rise, elevate)

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: śrī (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

यतते (yatate) - strives, endeavors, attempts

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of yat

Root: yat (class 1)

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजन् (rājan) - O king!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

परमः (paramaḥ) - supreme, highest, utmost, excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, ultimate, greatest, best

नयी (nayī) - foremost leader / strategist (leader, guide, one who leads in policy/conduct, strategist)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nayin

nayin - leader, guide, one skilled in policy (naya)

Derived from naya (policy, conduct) with suffix -in