महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-8, verse-22

इदं तु याचे नृपते त्वामहं शिरसा नतः ।
क्रियतां तावदाहारस्ततो गच्छाश्रमं प्रति ॥२२॥

22. idaṁ tu yāce nṛpate tvāmahaṁ śirasā nataḥ ,
kriyatāṁ tāvadāhārastato gacchāśramaṁ prati.

22. idam tu yāce nṛpate tvām aham śirasā nataḥ |
kriyatām tāvat āhāraḥ tataḥ gaccha āśramam prati

22. nṛpate aham śirasā nataḥ tvām idam tu yāce
tāvat āhāraḥ kriyatām tataḥ āśramam prati gaccha

22. O king, I bow my head and make this request of you: please take your meal first, and then go to the hermitage.

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this, here

• तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

• याचे (yāce) - I ask, I request

• नृपते (nṛpate) - O king

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you

• अहम् (aham) - I

• शिरसा (śirasā) - by the head, with the head

• नतः (nataḥ) - bowed, bent

• क्रियताम् (kriyatām) - let it be done

• तावत् (tāvat) - so much, so long, for now, first

• आहारः (āhāraḥ) - food, meal

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there

• गच्छ (gaccha) - go!

• आश्रमम् (āśramam) - hermitage

• प्रति (prati) - towards, to, in the direction of

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this, here

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

याचे (yāce) - I ask, I request

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of yāc

Present Tense

1st person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada)

Root: yāc (class 1)

नृपते (nṛpate) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)

त्वाम् (tvām) - you

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I (pronoun)

शिरसा (śirasā) - by the head, with the head

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head

नतः (nataḥ) - bowed, bent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nata

nata - bowed, bent, humble

Past Passive Participle

from root nam (to bow, bend)

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Used adjectivally to describe the speaker (aham).

क्रियताम् (kriyatām) - let it be done

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Imperative

3rd person singular, passive voice

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तावत् (tāvat) - so much, so long, for now, first

(indeclinable)

Note: Often used to indicate 'first' or 'meanwhile'.

आहारः (āhāraḥ) - food, meal

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āhāra

āhāra - food, meal, eating

from ā + hṛ (to take) with 'ghañ' suffix

Prefix: ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the passive imperative 'kriyatām'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there

(indeclinable)

गच्छ (gaccha) - go!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of gam

Imperative

2nd person singular, active voice

Root: gam (class 1)

आश्रमम् (āśramam) - hermitage

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, monastic retreat, stage of life

Prefix: ā

Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Object of motion with 'prati'.

प्रति (prati) - towards, to, in the direction of

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs the accusative case ('āśramam').