महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-47, verse-4

स विवृद्धस्तदा वह्निर्वने तस्मिन्नभूत्किल ।
तेन तद्वनमादीप्तमिति मे तापसाब्रुवन् ॥४॥

4. sa vivṛddhastadā vahnirvane tasminnabhūtkila ,
tena tadvanamādīptamiti me tāpasābruvan.

4. sa vivṛddhaḥ tadā vahniḥ vane tasmin abhūt kila
| tena tat vanam ādīptam iti me tāpasāḥ abruvan

4. kila tadā sa vahniḥ tasmin vane vivṛddhaḥ abhūt
tāpasāḥ me iti abruvan tena tat vanam ādīptam

4. Indeed, that (abandoned) fire then greatly intensified in that forest. The ascetics told me that the entire forest was ignited by it.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - that (abandoned) fire (that, he)

• विवृद्धः (vivṛddhaḥ) - grown, increased, intensified, greatly developed

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• वह्निः (vahniḥ) - fire, flame, Agni

• वने (vane) - in the forest

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (particular) forest (in that)

• अभूत् (abhūt) - was, became, happened, occurred

• किल (kila) - indeed, certainly, it is said

• तेन (tena) - by that fire (by it, by that)

• तत् (tat) - that (particular) forest (that, this)

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood

• आदीप्तम् (ādīptam) - ignited, set on fire, blazed

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner (marks direct or indirect speech)

• मे (me) - to me (indicating the recipient of the information) (to me, by me, my)

• तापसाः (tāpasāḥ) - ascetics, hermits

• अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they told, they spoke

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - that (abandoned) fire (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

विवृद्धः (vivṛddhaḥ) - grown, increased, intensified, greatly developed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vivṛddha

vivṛddha - grown, increased, greatly developed, intensified (past passive participle of vi-√vṛdh)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √vṛdh (to grow, increase) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

वह्निः (vahniḥ) - fire, flame, Agni

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vahni

vahni - fire, flame, Agni (god of fire); bearer, carrier

Derived from root √vah (to carry, convey)

Root: vah (class 1)

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (particular) forest (in that)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

अभूत् (abhūt) - was, became, happened, occurred

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of abhūt

aorist tense

Aorist, 3rd person, singular, active voice of √bhū (to be, become)

Root: bhū (class 1)

किल (kila) - indeed, certainly, it is said

(indeclinable)

तेन (tena) - by that fire (by it, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

तत् (tat) - that (particular) forest (that, this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this (demonstrative pronoun)

वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

आदीप्तम् (ādīptam) - ignited, set on fire, blazed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ādīpta

ādīpta - ignited, set on fire, blazing, shining (past passive participle of ā-√dīp)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √dīp (to shine, blaze) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: dīp (class 4)

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner (marks direct or indirect speech)

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - to me (indicating the recipient of the information) (to me, by me, my)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (first person pronoun)

Note: Can also be genitive 'my', or instrumental 'by me' in some contexts.

तापसाः (tāpasāḥ) - ascetics, hermits

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāpasa

tāpasa - ascetic, hermit, one who practices austerity (tapas)

Derived from 'tapas' (asceticism, penance)

अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they told, they spoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abruvan

imperfect tense

Imperfect, 3rd person, plural, active voice of √brū (to speak, tell)

Root: brū (class 2)