महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-47, verse-12

ततोऽवगाह्य सलिलं सर्वे ते कुरुपुंगवाः ।
युयुत्सुमग्रतः कृत्वा ददुस्तोयं महात्मने ॥१२॥

12. tato'vagāhya salilaṁ sarve te kurupuṁgavāḥ ,
yuyutsumagrataḥ kṛtvā dadustoyaṁ mahātmane.

12. tataḥ avagāhya salilam sarve te kurupuṅgavāḥ
yuyutsum agrataḥ kṛtvā daduḥ toyam mahātmane

12. Then all those best of the Kurus, having immersed themselves in the water, and placing Yuyutsu at the front, offered water to the great souls (mahātman).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, subsequently (then, thence, afterwards)

• अवगाह्य (avagāhya) - having immersed themselves (in water) (having plunged into, having immersed, having bathed)

• सलिलम् (salilam) - water (of the Gaṅgā) (water)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (of them) (all, every)

• ते (te) - they (referring to the Pāṇḍavas) (they, those)

• कुरुपुङ्गवाः (kurupuṅgavāḥ) - the best of the Kuru lineage (the Pāṇḍavas) (best of the Kurus, foremost among the Kurus)

• युयुत्सुम् (yuyutsum) - Yuyutsu (half-brother of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas) (Yuyutsu (name))

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - at the front, leading (in front, at the head, before)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having placed (Yuyutsu) (having done, having made, having placed)

• ददुः (daduḥ) - they offered (water) (they gave, they offered)

• तोयम् (toyam) - water (as an offering) (water)

• महात्मने (mahātmane) - to the great souls (referring to the deceased Kauravas and others for whom the water ritual is performed) (to the great soul, to the high-minded one)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, subsequently (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

derived from tad with the suffix -tas

अवगाह्य (avagāhya) - having immersed themselves (in water) (having plunged into, having immersed, having bathed)

(indeclinable)

gerund (absolutive)

formed with prefix ava- and root gāh, with suffix -ya (after verbal root ending in ā)

Prefix: ava

Root: gāh (class 1)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

सलिलम् (salilam) - water (of the Gaṅgā) (water)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of salila

salila - water, watery

सर्वे (sarve) - all (of them) (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

ते (te) - they (referring to the Pāṇḍavas) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

कुरुपुङ्गवाः (kurupuṅgavāḥ) - the best of the Kuru lineage (the Pāṇḍavas) (best of the Kurus, foremost among the Kurus)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kurupuṅgava

kurupuṅgava - bull among the Kurus, best of the Kurus

compound of Kuru (dynasty name) + puṅgava (bull, chief)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kuru+puṅgava)

• kuru – name of an ancient king, his descendants, the Kuru dynasty
  proper noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull, chief, eminent, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas.

युयुत्सुम् (yuyutsum) - Yuyutsu (half-brother of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas) (Yuyutsu (name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yuyutsu

yuyutsu - wishing to fight, name of a son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra by a Vaiśya wife

desiderative nominal agent

from root yudh (to fight) + suffix -u, with desiderative reduplication.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Object of `kṛtvā`.

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - at the front, leading (in front, at the head, before)

(indeclinable)

from agra (front) with suffix -tas

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having placed (Yuyutsu) (having done, having made, having placed)

(indeclinable)

gerund (absolutive)

formed from root kṛ with suffix -tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

ददुः (daduḥ) - they offered (water) (they gave, they offered)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of dā

perfect active

3rd person plural, perfect active indicative (reduplicated form)

Root: dā (class 3)

तोयम् (toyam) - water (as an offering) (water)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of toya

toya - water

महात्मने (mahātmane) - to the great souls (referring to the deceased Kauravas and others for whom the water ritual is performed) (to the great soul, to the high-minded one)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, high-minded, noble, the Supreme Spirit (brahman)

compound of mahā (great) + ātman (soul, self)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
  stem of mahat
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: The dative indicates the recipient of the offering.