महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-38, verse-9

अथ देवः सहस्रांशुर्मत्समीपगतोऽभवत् ।
द्विधा कृत्वात्मनो देहं भूमौ च गगनेऽपि च ।
तताप लोकानेकेन द्वितीयेनागमच्च माम् ॥९॥

9. atha devaḥ sahasrāṁśurmatsamīpagato'bhavat ,
dvidhā kṛtvātmano dehaṁ bhūmau ca gagane'pi ca ,
tatāpa lokānekena dvitīyenāgamacca mām.

9. atha devaḥ sahasrāṃśuḥ mat samīpa
gataḥ abhavat dvidhā kṛtvā ātmanaḥ
deham bhūmau ca gagane api ca tatāpa
lokān ekena dvitīyena agamat ca mām

9. atha sahasrāṃśuḥ devaḥ mat samīpa
gataḥ abhavat ātmanaḥ deham dvidhā
kṛtvā ekena bhūmau ca gagane api ca
lokān tatāpa ca dvitīyena mām agamat

9. Then, the thousand-rayed deity (the sun) approached me. Having divided his own essence (ātman) into two forms, one part scorched the worlds on earth and in the sky, while with the second part, he came to me.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - Then, at that time. (then, now, thereupon)

• देवः (devaḥ) - The Sun god. (god, deity)

• सहस्रांशुः (sahasrāṁśuḥ) - The Sun deity, characterized by a thousand rays. (thousand-rayed (an epithet of the sun))

• मत् (mat) - In the compound 'matsamīpa', meaning 'near me'. (me, my (stem form))

• समीप (samīpa) - near the speaker. (vicinity, nearness)

• गतः (gataḥ) - who had arrived (near me). (gone, arrived, come)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - The deity came into being (near me). (became, happened, came to be)

• द्विधा (dvidhā) - The body was divided into two distinct parts. (in two ways, in two parts)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - The deity performed the act of dividing. (having done, having made)

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - The division was of the deity's own essence (ātman). (of the self, of one's own (ātman))

• देहम् (deham) - The physical form of the deity. (body)

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - indicating the terrestrial sphere. (on the earth, on the ground)

• च (ca) - Connects 'earth' and 'sky'. (and, also)

• गगने (gagane) - indicating the celestial sphere. (in the sky, in the atmosphere)

• अपि (api) - Emphasizes 'in the sky *also*'. (also, even, too)

• च (ca) - Connects 'earth' and 'sky'. (and, also)

• तताप (tatāpa) - The sun's intense heat affected the worlds. (heated, scorched, burned)

• लोकान् (lokān) - Various realms of existence. (worlds, regions, people)

• एकेन (ekena) - With one part of his divided body. (by one, with one)

• द्वितीयेन (dvitīyena) - With the second part of his divided body. (by the second, with the second)

• अगमत् (agamat) - The deity came to the speaker. (went, came)

• च (ca) - Connects 'earth' and 'sky'. (and, also)

• माम् (mām) - The speaker (Draupadi) as the object. (me)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - Then, at that time. (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

देवः (devaḥ) - The Sun god. (god, deity)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, divine, celestial

From root div (to shine).

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'abhavat'.

सहस्रांशुः (sahasrāṁśuḥ) - The Sun deity, characterized by a thousand rays. (thousand-rayed (an epithet of the sun))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahasrāṃśu

sahasrāṁśu - thousand-rayed (epithet of the sun)

Bahuvrihi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sahasra+aṃśu)

• sahasra – thousand
  numeral (neuter)
• aṃśu – ray, beam, point
  noun (masculine)

Note: Epithet for 'devaḥ'.

मत् (mat) - In the compound 'matsamīpa', meaning 'near me'. (me, my (stem form))

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Used as a constituent in a compound 'matsamīpagata'.

समीप (samīpa) - near the speaker. (vicinity, nearness)

(adjective)

of samīpa

samīpa - near, vicinity, presence

Note: Forms part of compound 'matsamīpagata'.

गतः (gataḥ) - who had arrived (near me). (gone, arrived, come)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, reached, arrived

Past Passive Participle

From root 'gam' (to go) with kta suffix.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Forms compound 'matsamīpagataḥ', modifying 'devaḥ'.

अभवत् (abhavat) - The deity came into being (near me). (became, happened, came to be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Indicative

From root 'bhū' (to be) in the imperfect past tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the first sentence.

द्विधा (dvidhā) - The body was divided into two distinct parts. (in two ways, in two parts)

(indeclinable)

From dvi (two) with suffix -dhā.

Note: Modifies 'kṛtvā'.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - The deity performed the act of dividing. (having done, having made)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'kṛ' (to do, make) with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Connects to the main verb 'tatāpa' and 'agamat'.

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - The division was of the deity's own essence (ātman). (of the self, of one's own (ātman))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, essence, breath

Note: Possessive case, referring to 'deham'.

देहम् (deham) - The physical form of the deity. (body)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, form, person

Note: Object of 'kṛtvā'.

भूमौ (bhūmau) - indicating the terrestrial sphere. (on the earth, on the ground)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

Note: Location where worlds were heated.

च (ca) - Connects 'earth' and 'sky'. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

गगने (gagane) - indicating the celestial sphere. (in the sky, in the atmosphere)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of gagana

gagana - sky, heaven, atmosphere

Note: Location where worlds were heated.

अपि (api) - Emphasizes 'in the sky *also*'. (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

च (ca) - Connects 'earth' and 'sky'. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तताप (tatāpa) - The sun's intense heat affected the worlds. (heated, scorched, burned)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of tap

Perfect Indicative

From root 'tap' (to heat) in the perfect past tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Main verb, subject is the 'devaḥ'.

लोकान् (lokān) - Various realms of existence. (worlds, regions, people)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, region, people, folk

Note: Object of 'tatāpa'.

एकेन (ekena) - With one part of his divided body. (by one, with one)

(numeral)

Note: Refers to one part of the deity's body.

द्वितीयेन (dvitīyena) - With the second part of his divided body. (by the second, with the second)

(numeral)

Note: Refers to the second part of the deity's body.

अगमत् (agamat) - The deity came to the speaker. (went, came)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of gam

Imperfect Indicative

From root 'gam' (to go) in the imperfect past tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Main verb, subject is the 'devaḥ'.

च (ca) - Connects 'earth' and 'sky'. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - The speaker (Draupadi) as the object. (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Object of 'agamat'.