महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-80, verse-4

निहन्तारं रणेऽरीणां सर्वशस्त्रभृतां वरम् ।
मया विनिहतं संख्ये प्रेक्षते दुर्मरं बत ॥४॥

4. nihantāraṁ raṇe'rīṇāṁ sarvaśastrabhṛtāṁ varam ,
mayā vinihataṁ saṁkhye prekṣate durmaraṁ bata.

4. nihantāram raṇe arīṇām sarvaśastrabhṛtām varam
| mayā vinihatam saṅkhye prekṣate durmaram bata

4. (sā mātā) raṇe arīṇām nihantāram sarvaśastrabhṛtām varam
mayā saṅkhye vinihatam durmaram patim bata prekṣate

4. She (my mother) gazes upon her husband, the destroyer of foes in battle, the foremost of all weapon-bearers, who was, alas, slain by me in combat—a truly difficult death to witness.

Words meanings summery:

• निहन्तारम् (nihantāram) - destroyer, slayer

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• अरीणाम् (arīṇām) - of foes (of enemies, of foes)

• सर्वशस्त्रभृताम् (sarvaśastrabhṛtām) - of all weapon-bearers (of all weapon-bearers, of all armed men)

• वरम् (varam) - the foremost, best (modifies implied 'patim') (best, excellent, boon, choice)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• विनिहतम् (vinihatam) - slain (slain, killed)

• सङ्ख्ये (saṅkhye) - in combat (in combat, in battle)

• प्रेक्षते (prekṣate) - she gazes upon, she sees (she sees, he observes, looks at)

• दुर्मरम् (durmaram) - a difficult death to witness/endure (difficult to die, difficult to endure, hard to bear (death))

• बत (bata) - alas!, indeed! (exclamation of sorrow) (alas!, ah!, indeed!)

Words meanings and morphology

निहन्तारम् (nihantāram) - destroyer, slayer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nihantṛ

nihantṛ - destroyer, slayer, killer

Agent Noun

Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'patim' (implied).

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict

अरीणाम् (arīṇām) - of foes (of enemies, of foes)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ari

ari - enemy, foe, adversary

सर्वशस्त्रभृताम् (sarvaśastrabhṛtām) - of all weapon-bearers (of all weapon-bearers, of all armed men)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarvaśastrabhṛt

sarvaśastrabhṛt - bearing all weapons, all weapon-bearers

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+śastra+bhṛt)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• śastra – weapon, arm, tool
  noun (neuter)
• bhṛt – bearing, carrying, supporting
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun suffix -kvin
  Derived from root bhṛ (to bear, carry)
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)

वरम् (varam) - the foremost, best (modifies implied 'patim') (best, excellent, boon, choice)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choice, a boon

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

विनिहतम् (vinihatam) - slain (slain, killed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vinihata

vinihata - slain, killed, struck down

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with prefixes vi and ni

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Accusative masculine singular, modifying 'patim'.

सङ्ख्ये (saṅkhye) - in combat (in combat, in battle)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṅkhya

saṅkhya - combat, battle, war

प्रेक्षते (prekṣate) - she gazes upon, she sees (she sees, he observes, looks at)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pra-īkṣ

Present Middle

3rd Person Singular Present Middle Ātmanepada of root īkṣ (to see) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject is "mātā" from previous verse.

दुर्मरम् (durmaram) - a difficult death to witness/endure (difficult to die, difficult to endure, hard to bear (death))

(adjective)

neuter, singular of durmara

durmara - difficult to die, hard to bear, difficult to endure (often referring to death or loss)

Compound type : prādi-tatpuruṣa (dur+mara)

• dur – badly, ill, difficult
  prefix
• mara – dying, death
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root mṛ (to die)
  Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Can function as an adverb or accusative neuter singular here, intensifying the sorrow.

बत (bata) - alas!, indeed! (exclamation of sorrow) (alas!, ah!, indeed!)

(indeclinable)