महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-68, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
सैवं विलप्य करुणं सोन्मादेव तपस्विनी ।
उत्तरा न्यपतद्भूमौ कृपणा पुत्रगृद्धिनी ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
saivaṁ vilapya karuṇaṁ sonmādeva tapasvinī ,
uttarā nyapatadbhūmau kṛpaṇā putragṛddhinī.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca sā evam vilapya karuṇam sa unmāda
iva tapasvinī uttarā kṛpaṇā putragṛddhinī bhūmau nyapatat

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Having thus lamented piteously, that wretched Uttarā, miserable and longing for her son, fell to the ground as if driven mad.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• सा (sā) - she

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• विलप्य (vilapya) - having lamented, having wailed

• करुणम् (karuṇam) - piteously, mournfully

• स (sa) - with, accompanied by

• उन्माद (unmāda) - madness, insanity

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• तपस्विनी (tapasvinī) - ascetic woman, miserable woman

• उत्तरा (uttarā) - Uttarā (Abhimanyu's wife)

• कृपणा (kṛpaṇā) - miserable, distressed

• पुत्रगृद्धिनी (putragṛddhinī) - intensely longing for her son (Abhimanyu) (longing for a son, desirous of offspring)

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• न्यपतत् (nyapatat) - fell down

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, disciple of Vyāsa, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense (Liṭ)

Root vac, reduplicated perfect form.

Root: vac (class 2)

सा (sā) - she

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she

Note: Refers to Uttarā.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

विलप्य (vilapya) - having lamented, having wailed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from verb root lap (to speak, lament) with upasarga vi- (apart, away) and suffix -ya (after a prefix).

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

करुणम् (karuṇam) - piteously, mournfully

(indeclinable)

स (sa) - with, accompanied by

(indeclinable)

उन्माद (unmāda) - madness, insanity

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of unmāda

unmāda - madness, insanity, frenzy

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

तपस्विनी (tapasvinī) - ascetic woman, miserable woman

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tapasvin

tapasvin - ascetic, devotee, suffering person, wretched

Derived from tapas (austerity) with possessive suffix -vin.

Note: Modifies Uttarā.

उत्तरा (uttarā) - Uttarā (Abhimanyu's wife)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of uttarā

uttarā - Uttarā (daughter of King Virāṭa, wife of Abhimanyu)

कृपणा (kṛpaṇā) - miserable, distressed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛpaṇa

kṛpaṇa - miserable, distressed, poor, wretched

Note: Modifies Uttarā.

पुत्रगृद्धिनी (putragṛddhinī) - intensely longing for her son (Abhimanyu) (longing for a son, desirous of offspring)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of putragṛddhin

putragṛddhin - longing for a son, desirous of offspring

Derived from putra (son) and gṛdh (to covet, long for).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+gṛddhin)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• gṛddhin – greedy, longing, desirous
  adjective (feminine)
  Derived from root gṛdh (to covet).
  Root: gṛdh (class 4)

Note: Modifies Uttarā.

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

न्यपतत् (nyapatat) - fell down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Imperfect Tense (Laṅ)

Root pat, with upasarga ni- (down) and augment a- for imperfect, 3rd person singular ending -t.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)