महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-29, verse-22

पितर ऊचुः ।
नार्हसे क्षत्रबन्धूंस्त्वं निहन्तुं जयतां वर ।
न हि युक्तं त्वया हन्तुं ब्राह्मणेन सता नृपान् ॥२२॥

22. pitara ūcuḥ ,
nārhase kṣatrabandhūṁstvaṁ nihantuṁ jayatāṁ vara ,
na hi yuktaṁ tvayā hantuṁ brāhmaṇena satā nṛpān.

22. pitaraḥ ūcuḥ na arhase kṣatrabandhūn tvam nihantum jayatām
vara na hi yuktam tvayā hantum brāhmaṇena satā nṛpān

22. The ancestors said: 'O best among victors, you should not kill these so-called kṣatriyas. For indeed, it is not appropriate for you, a brahmin (brāhmaṇa), to slay kings.'

Words meanings summery:

• पितरः (pitaraḥ) - the fathers, ancestors

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

• न (na) - not, no

• अर्हसे (arhase) - you (singular) are able, you ought

• क्षत्रबन्धून् (kṣatrabandhūn) - kṣatriya kinsmen (often implies degraded kṣatriyas), pseudo-kṣatriyas

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• निहन्तुम् (nihantum) - to kill, to destroy

• जयताम् (jayatām) - of those who are victorious, among the victors

• वर (vara) - O best one!, O excellent one!

• न (na) - not, no

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

• युक्तम् (yuktam) - proper, fitting, appropriate

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill, to slay

• ब्राह्मणेन (brāhmaṇena) - by a brahmin

• सता (satā) - being, existing (as such)

• नृपान् (nṛpān) - kings, rulers

Words meanings and morphology

पितरः (pitaraḥ) - the fathers, ancestors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

Note: Subject of 'ūcuḥ'.

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect past (lit) of vac

perfect 3rd plural

Root 'vac' (2nd class), perfect tense.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Verb for 'pitaraḥ'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अर्हसे (arhase) - you (singular) are able, you ought

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of arh

present 2nd singular middle

Root 'arh' (1st class 'arhati'). Middle voice 'arhase'.

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Verb for 'tvam'.

क्षत्रबन्धून् (kṣatrabandhūn) - kṣatriya kinsmen (often implies degraded kṣatriyas), pseudo-kṣatriyas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kṣatrabandhu

kṣatrabandhu - kinsman of a kṣatriya (implying a kṣatriya only by birth, not by conduct or prowess), degraded kṣatriya, pseudo-kṣatriya

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣatra+bandhu)

• kṣatra – rule, dominion, power; the kṣatriya caste
  noun (neuter)
• bandhu – relation, kinsman, friend
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: Object of 'nihantum'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Subject of 'arhase'.

निहन्तुम् (nihantum) - to kill, to destroy

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of nihan

infinitive

Root 'han' (2nd class 'hanti') with prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Associated with 'arhase'.

जयताम् (jayatām) - of those who are victorious, among the victors

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of jayat

jayat - victorious, conquering

present active participle

From root 'ji' (1st class 'jayati'). Genitive plural.

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Used in a compound expression with 'vara'.

वर (vara) - O best one!, O excellent one!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choice, boon

Derived from root 'vṛ' (to choose).

Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Addresses Rāma.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

(indeclinable)

Note: Explanatory particle.

युक्तम् (yuktam) - proper, fitting, appropriate

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, yoked, endowed with, proper, fit, appropriate

past passive participle

From root 'yuj' (to join, connect).

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Refers to the action of killing kings.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Agent in passive construction.

हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill, to slay

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of han

infinitive

Root 'han' (2nd class 'hanti').

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Related to 'yuktam'.

ब्राह्मणेन (brāhmaṇena) - by a brahmin

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, one belonging to the priestly caste

From 'brahman' (neuter) meaning sacred word, or 'brahman' (masculine) meaning creator god.

Note: Qualifies 'tvayā'.

सता (satā) - being, existing (as such)

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sat

sat - existing, being, good, virtuous, true (present participle of as)

present active participle

From root 'as' (to be). Instrumental singular masculine.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Implies 'being a brahmin'.

नृपान् (nṛpān) - kings, rulers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler (literally 'protector of men')

Compound 'nṛ' (man) + 'pa' (protector, from root 'pā').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root 'pā' (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Object of 'hantum'.