महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-29, verse-13

रामोऽपि धनुरादाय रथमारुह्य सत्वरः ।
विसृजञ्शरवर्षाणि व्यधमत्पार्थिवं बलम् ॥१३॥

13. rāmo'pi dhanurādāya rathamāruhya satvaraḥ ,
visṛjañśaravarṣāṇi vyadhamatpārthivaṁ balam.

13. rāmaḥ api dhanuḥ ādāya ratham āruhya satvaraḥ
visṛjan śaravarṣāṇi vyadhamat pārthivam balam

13. rāmaḥ api satvaraḥ dhanuḥ ādāya ratham āruhya
śaravarṣāṇi visṛjan pārthivam balam vyadhamat

13. Rama also, swiftly taking his bow and mounting his chariot, discharged showers of arrows and destroyed the royal army.

Words meanings summery:

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Parashurama (Rama)

• अपि (api) - also, even

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, taking up

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• आरुह्य (āruhya) - having mounted, ascended

• सत्वरः (satvaraḥ) - swift, quick, agile

• विसृजन् (visṛjan) - releasing, discharging, letting go

• शरवर्षाणि (śaravarṣāṇi) - showers of arrows

• व्यधमत् (vyadhamat) - he destroyed, scattered, dispersed

• पार्थिवम् (pārthivam) - royal, earthly, pertaining to kings

• बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength

Words meanings and morphology

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Parashurama (Rama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a celebrated hero, an incarnation of Vishnu)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Particle.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc

Note: Object of 'ādāya'.

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, taking up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root dā (to give, take) with upasarga ā- and suffix -ya. The meaning 'to take' arises when compounded with 'ā-'.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ram

Note: Object of 'āruhya'.

आरुह्य (āruhya) - having mounted, ascended

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root ruh (to ascend) with upasarga ā- and suffix -ya.

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

सत्वरः (satvaraḥ) - swift, quick, agile

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satvara

satvara - swift, quick, speedy, agile

From sa- (with) and tvara (speed).

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Rama.

विसृजन् (visṛjan) - releasing, discharging, letting go

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of visṛjat

sṛj - to release, discharge, create

Present Active Participle

Formed from root sṛj (to create, release) with upasarga vi- and present participle suffix -at.

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'rāmaḥ', indicating simultaneous action.

शरवर्षाणि (śaravarṣāṇi) - showers of arrows

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - rain of arrows, shower of arrows

Compound of śara and varṣa.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'visṛjan'.

व्यधमत् (vyadhamat) - he destroyed, scattered, dispersed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vidham

Imperfect (Laṅ-lakāra), 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root dham with upasarga vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: dham (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

पार्थिवम् (pārthivam) - royal, earthly, pertaining to kings

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - royal, earthly, kingly, belonging to a king

Derived from pṛthivī (earth) or pṛthu (king).

Note: Qualifies 'balam'.

बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army, troop

Root: bal (class 1)

Note: Object of 'vyadhamat'.