महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-29, verse-12

तं हतं पतितं दृष्ट्वा समेताः सर्वबान्धवाः ।
असीनादाय शक्तीश्च भार्गवं पर्यवारयन् ॥१२॥

12. taṁ hataṁ patitaṁ dṛṣṭvā sametāḥ sarvabāndhavāḥ ,
asīnādāya śaktīśca bhārgavaṁ paryavārayan.

12. tam hatam patitam dṛṣṭvā sametāḥ sarvabāndhavāḥ
asīn ādāya śaktīḥ ca bhārgavam paryavārayan

12. tam hatam patitam dṛṣṭvā sarvabāndhavāḥ sametāḥ
asīn śaktīḥ ca ādāya bhārgavam paryavārayan

12. Having seen him slain and fallen, all his relatives assembled, taking up their swords and spears, and surrounded Bhargava.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• हतम् (hatam) - slain, killed, struck

• पतितम् (patitam) - fallen, collapsed, descended

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• समेताः (sametāḥ) - assembled, gathered, united

• सर्वबान्धवाः (sarvabāndhavāḥ) - all relatives

• असीन् (asīn) - swords

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, taking up

• शक्तीः (śaktīḥ) - spears (as weapons) (spears, powers, energies)

• च (ca) - and, also

• भार्गवम् (bhārgavam) - Parashurama (a descendant of Bhṛgu) (Bhargava)

• पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they surrounded, they encircled

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

हतम् (hatam) - slain, killed, struck

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with suffix -ta.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies the object of the sentence.

पतितम् (patitam) - fallen, collapsed, descended

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, collapsed, descended, degraded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pat (to fall) with suffix -ta.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the object of the sentence.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root dṛś (to see) with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

समेताः (sametāḥ) - assembled, gathered, united

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sameta

sameta - assembled, gathered, united

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root i (to go) with upasarga sam- and suffix -ta.

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Refers to 'sarvabāndhavāḥ'.

सर्वबान्धवाः (sarvabāndhavāḥ) - all relatives

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarvabāndhava

sarvabāndhava - all relatives, all kinsmen

Compound of sarva and bāndhava.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+bāndhava)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• bāndhava – relative, kinsman
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

असीन् (asīn) - swords

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of asi

asi - sword, scimitar

Note: Object of 'ādāya'.

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, taking up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root dā (to give, take) with upasarga ā- and suffix -ya. The meaning 'to take' arises when compounded with 'ā-'.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

शक्तीः (śaktīḥ) - spears (as weapons) (spears, powers, energies)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of śakti

śakti - power, strength, energy; spear, dart

Derived from root śak (to be able).

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Object of 'ādāya'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects 'asīn' and 'śaktīḥ'.

भार्गवम् (bhārgavam) - Parashurama (a descendant of Bhṛgu) (Bhargava)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhārgava

bhārgava - descendant of Bhṛgu, an epithet of Parashurama

Derived from Bhṛgu with suffix -a.

Note: Object of 'paryavārayan'.

पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they surrounded, they encircled

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of paryavṛ

Imperfect (Laṅ-lakāra), 3rd person plural, active voice.

Root vṛ (to cover) with upasargas pari- and ava-. Causative form can mean 'to surround'.

Prefixes: pari+ava

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.