महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-14, chapter-29, verse-17
ततस्तु हतवीरासु क्षत्रियासु पुनः पुनः ।
द्विजैरुत्पादितं क्षत्रं जामदग्न्यो न्यकृन्तत ॥१७॥
द्विजैरुत्पादितं क्षत्रं जामदग्न्यो न्यकृन्तत ॥१७॥
17. tatastu hatavīrāsu kṣatriyāsu punaḥ punaḥ ,
dvijairutpāditaṁ kṣatraṁ jāmadagnyo nyakṛntata.
dvijairutpāditaṁ kṣatraṁ jāmadagnyo nyakṛntata.
17.
tataḥ tu hatavīrāsu kṣatriyāsu punaḥ punaḥ
dvijaiḥ utpāditam kṣatram jāmadagnyaḥ nyakṛntata
dvijaiḥ utpāditam kṣatram jāmadagnyaḥ nyakṛntata
17.
tataḥ tu hatavīrāsu kṣatriyāsu punaḥ punaḥ
jāmadagnyaḥ dvijaiḥ utpāditam kṣatram nyakṛntata
jāmadagnyaḥ dvijaiḥ utpāditam kṣatram nyakṛntata
17.
Then, when the kṣatriya women had repeatedly lost their warriors, Jamadagni's son (Paraśurāma) destroyed the kṣatriya class that had been regenerated by the twice-born.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, afterwards
- तु (tu) - but, however, indeed
- हतवीरासु (hatavīrāsu) - among the kṣatriya women who had lost their warriors (among those whose heroes were killed, among those who lost their warriors)
- क्षत्रियासु (kṣatriyāsu) - among kṣatriya women
- पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly
- पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly
- द्विजैः (dvijaiḥ) - by the twice-born (Brahmins)
- उत्पादितम् (utpāditam) - produced, created, regenerated
- क्षत्रम् (kṣatram) - the kṣatriya class, rule, dominion
- जामदग्न्यः (jāmadagnyaḥ) - son of Jamadagni, Paraśurāma
- न्यकृन्तत (nyakṛntata) - he cut down, he destroyed
Words meanings and morphology
ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, afterwards
(indeclinable)
Ablative suffix -tas on pronoun tad.
तु (tu) - but, however, indeed
(indeclinable)
हतवीरासु (hatavīrāsu) - among the kṣatriya women who had lost their warriors (among those whose heroes were killed, among those who lost their warriors)
(adjective)
Locative, feminine, plural of hatavīrā
hatavīrā - having heroes killed, having warriors destroyed
Compound formed with past passive participle `hata` and noun `vīra`.
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+vīra)
- hata – killed, struck, destroyed
adjective
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root `han` (to strike, kill).
Root: han (class 2) - vīra – hero, warrior, brave man
noun (masculine)
Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.
क्षत्रियासु (kṣatriyāsu) - among kṣatriya women
(noun)
Locative, feminine, plural of kṣatriyā
kṣatriyā - a kṣatriya woman
Feminine form of `kṣatriya`.
Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.
पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly
(indeclinable)
पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly
(indeclinable)
द्विजैः (dvijaiḥ) - by the twice-born (Brahmins)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of dvija
dvija - twice-born (referring to Brahmins, Kṣatriyas, Vaiśyas; specifically Brahmins in this context), a bird, a tooth
From `dvi` (two) + `ja` (born).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+ja)
- dvi – two
numeral - ja – born, produced
adjective
Participial stem from `jan`.
Derived from root `jan` (to be born).
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Agent of `utpāditam`.
उत्पादितम् (utpāditam) - produced, created, regenerated
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of utpādita
utpādita - produced, created, generated
Past Passive Participle
Derived from `ut-pad` (to produce, generate). Causal form of `pad`.
Prefix: ut
Root: pad (class 4)
Note: Qualifies `kṣatram`.
क्षत्रम् (kṣatram) - the kṣatriya class, rule, dominion
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of kṣatra
kṣatra - rule, dominion, power; the kṣatriya class
From root `kṣi` (to rule, possess).
Root: kṣi (class 5)
Note: Object of `nyakṛntata`.
जामदग्न्यः (jāmadagnyaḥ) - son of Jamadagni, Paraśurāma
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jāmadagnya
jāmadagnya - son of Jamadagni (specifically Paraśurāma)
Patronymic from `jamadagni` (Jamadagni) + `ṣyañ` suffix.
Note: Subject of `nyakṛntata`.
न्यकृन्तत (nyakṛntata) - he cut down, he destroyed
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of kṛnt
Root is `kṛt`, but form `kṛnt` is 6th class. Here with `ni` prefix.
Prefix: ni
Root: kṛt (class 6)
Note: The form is `nyakṛntata`, which is `ni-akṛntata`.