महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-29, verse-21

पितुर्वधममृष्यंस्तु रामः प्रोवाच तानृषीन् ।
नार्हन्तीह भवन्तो मां निवारयितुमित्युत ॥२१॥

21. piturvadhamamṛṣyaṁstu rāmaḥ provāca tānṛṣīn ,
nārhantīha bhavanto māṁ nivārayitumityuta.

21. pituḥ vadham amṛṣyan tu rāmaḥ provāca tān ṛṣīn
na arhanti iha bhavantaḥ mām nivārayitum iti uta

21. But Rāma, unable to tolerate his father's murder, replied to those sages: 'Indeed, you, venerable ones, are not capable of restraining me in this matter.'

Words meanings summery:

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

• वधम् (vadham) - killing, murder

• अमृष्यन् (amṛṣyan) - not tolerating, unable to bear

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

• प्रोवाच (provāca) - he spoke, he said

• तान् (tān) - those

• ऋषीन् (ṛṣīn) - sages, seers

• न (na) - not, no

• अर्हन्ति (arhanti) - they are able, they ought

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this matter

• भवन्तः (bhavantaḥ) - you (plural, honorific)

• माम् (mām) - me

• निवारयितुम् (nivārayitum) - to restrain, to prevent

• इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

• उत (uta) - and, moreover, indeed

Words meanings and morphology

पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

Note: Refers to Rama's father.

वधम् (vadham) - killing, murder

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - killing, slaying, murder

From root 'han' (to strike, kill), with 'ghañ' suffix, 'ha' changes to 'va'.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Object of 'amṛṣyan'.

अमृष्यन् (amṛṣyan) - not tolerating, unable to bear

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amṛṣyat

mṛṣ - to endure, bear, tolerate

present active participle (negative)

From 'a' (negative prefix) + root 'mṛṣ' (4th class 'mṛṣyati'). Masculine nominative singular.

Root: mṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Form 'amṛṣyat' has nom.sg. 'amṛṣyan'.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of an incarnation of Vishnu), pleasing, charming

Root: ram (class 1)

प्रोवाच (provāca) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (lit) of pravac

perfect 3rd singular

Root 'vac' (2nd class), with prefix 'pra'. Perfect tense.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies 'ṛṣīn'.

ऋषीन् (ṛṣīn) - sages, seers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Root: ṛṣ

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अर्हन्ति (arhanti) - they are able, they ought

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of arh

present 3rd plural

Root 'arh' (1st class 'arhati').

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Verb for 'bhavantaḥ'.

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this matter

(indeclinable)

भवन्तः (bhavantaḥ) - you (plural, honorific)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you (honorific pronoun), being, existing

present active participle from bhū

From root 'bhū' (to be, become). Used as an honorific pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'arhanti'.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Note: Object of 'nivārayitum'.

निवारयितुम् (nivārayitum) - to restrain, to prevent

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of nivāray

infinitive (causal)

Root 'vṛ' (5th, 1st, or 9th class) with prefix 'ni' and causal suffix ('-i'). Causal stem 'vārayati'.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛ (class 1)

Note: Expresses purpose or capability with 'arhanti'.

इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

उत (uta) - and, moreover, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here for emphasis.