महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-29, verse-14

ततस्तु क्षत्रियाः केचिज्जमदग्निं निहत्य च ।
विविशुर्गिरिदुर्गाणि मृगाः सिंहार्दिता इव ॥१४॥

14. tatastu kṣatriyāḥ kecijjamadagniṁ nihatya ca ,
viviśurgiridurgāṇi mṛgāḥ siṁhārditā iva.

14. tataḥ tu kṣatriyāḥ kecit jamadagnim nihatya
ca viviśuḥ giridurgāṇi mṛgāḥ siṃhārditāḥ iva

14. tataḥ tu kecit kṣatriyāḥ jamadagnim nihatya
ca siṃhārditāḥ mṛgāḥ iva giridurgāṇi viviśuḥ

14. Then some kshatriyas, having killed Jamadagni, entered mountain strongholds, just like deer harassed by lions.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - members of the warrior or ruling class (kshatriyas)

• केचित् (kecit) - some, certain

• जमदग्निम् (jamadagnim) - The celebrated sage, father of Parashurama. (Jamadagni)

• निहत्य (nihatya) - having killed, having struck down

• च (ca) - and

• विविशुः (viviśuḥ) - they entered, they resorted to

• गिरिदुर्गाणि (giridurgāṇi) - mountain fortresses, mountain strongholds

• मृगाः (mṛgāḥ) - deer, wild animals

• सिंहार्दिताः (siṁhārditāḥ) - harassed by lions, afflicted by lions

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from tad.

Note: Connects to the previous event.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Often used for slight contrast or emphasis.

क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - members of the warrior or ruling class (kshatriyas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - member of the warrior or ruling class, kshatriya

Root: kṣi

केचित् (kecit) - some, certain

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kaścid

kaścid - some, any, a certain one

Indefinite pronoun, compound of kim and cid.

Note: Qualifies 'kṣatriyāḥ'.

जमदग्निम् (jamadagnim) - The celebrated sage, father of Parashurama. (Jamadagni)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jamadagni

jamadagni - Jamadagni (a celebrated sage, father of Parashurama)

Note: Object of 'nihatya'.

निहत्य (nihatya) - having killed, having struck down

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root han (to strike, kill) with upasarga ni- and suffix -ya.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Precedes the main action.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects two clauses or actions.

विविशुः (viviśuḥ) - they entered, they resorted to

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (liṭ) of viś

Perfect (Liṭ-lakāra), 3rd person plural, active voice.

Reduplicated perfect form of root viś.

Root: viś (class 6)

गिरिदुर्गाणि (giridurgāṇi) - mountain fortresses, mountain strongholds

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of giridurga

giridurga - mountain fortress, inaccessible mountain region, mountain stronghold

Compound of giri and durga.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (giri+durga)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• durga – fortress, difficult to access, stronghold
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'viviśuḥ'.

मृगाः (mṛgāḥ) - deer, wild animals

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mṛga

mṛga - deer, antelope, wild animal

Root: mṛg (class 6)

सिंहार्दिताः (siṁhārditāḥ) - harassed by lions, afflicted by lions

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of siṃhārdita

siṁhārdita - tormented by lions, harassed by lions

Compound of siṃha (lion) and ardita (PPP of ard - to torment).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (siṃha+ardita)

• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
• ardita – tormented, pained, distressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root ard (to pain, torment).
  Root: ard (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'mṛgāḥ'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

Note: Introduces a simile.